2006-2018年泰州市水痘流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella,Taizhou City,2006-2018

作　　者：唐万琴[1] 朱中奎[1] 解燕[1] 王超[1] 肖辉 TANG Wan-qin;ZHU Zhong-kui;XIE Yan;WANG Chao;XIAO Hui(Department of Immunization Planning, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China)

机构地区：[1]泰州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第17期3207-3210,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2006-2018年泰州市水痘发病的流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析水痘报告病例和突发公共卫生事件的分布特征。结果 2006-2018年泰州市共报告水痘病例29 990例,平均发病率为48.67/10万,报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势;主城区年均发病率130.49/10万,高于非主城区年均发病率40.61/10万。月发病高峰为4-6月(占比22.89%)、11月-次年1月(占比46.37%);发病年龄以15岁以下人群为主,占总病例73.57%;发病人群以学生(占比53.77%)、托幼儿童(占比20.54%)和散居儿童(占比10.62%)为主;共报告水痘引起的突发公共卫生事件93起,占突发公共卫生事件总数的57.77%,均发生在学校;2016年水痘疫苗接种率最低(18.85%),之后呈现上升趋势。结论泰州市水痘发病率较高,儿童是发生水痘的主要人群,学校应加强水痘的疫情监测和管理,建议将2剂次水痘疫苗纳入免疫规划。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Taizhou from 2006 to 2018 ,and to provide evidence for prevention and control strategy. Methods Distribution characteristics of public health emergencies and varicella cases were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results From 2006 to 2018,29 990 cases of varicella were reported in Taizhou with an average annual reported incidence of 48. 67/100 000, and the reported incidences increased year by year. The incidence was higher in the central area( 130. 49/100 000) than that of the non - central area(40. 61/100 000). The morbidity peak occurred from April to June (22. 89%) and November to January of the next year (46. 37%). The cases were mainly occurred among children under 15 years old, accounting for 73. 57%. The occupational composition was mainly for students ( 53. 77%), young children (20. 54%) and diaspora children ( 10. 62%). A total of 93 varicella emergency public health events were reported in the city,accounting for 57. 77%,all occurred in schools. In 2016,the vaccination rate of varicella vaccine was the lowest ( 18. 85%), and then showed an upward trend. Conclusion The incidence of varicella is high in Taizhou, and children are the high - risk population of varicella. Schools should strengthen the monitoring and management of varicella. It is suggested that 2 doses of varicella vaccine should be listed into the national immunization program.

关 键 词：水痘 流行病学特征 突发公共卫生事件 水痘疫苗 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]