2010-2018年西安市其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an,2010-2018

作　　者：张辉[1] 谢龙[1] 寇玲玲[1] 李江博[1] ZHANG Hui;XIE Long;KOU Ling-ling;LI Jiang-bo(Infectious Disease Control Department ,Xi' an Center for Disease Control and Prevention ,Xi' an, Shaanxi 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心传染病控制科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第17期3211-3216,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2010-2018年西安市其他感染性腹泻的流行特征和病原学分布特征,以更好的指导其防治工作。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2010-2018年西安市其他感染性腹泻的发病数据和病原学信息进行统计分析。结果共报告其他感染性腹泻72 131例,年均发病率92.49/10万,年发病率呈逐渐上升趋势;年均实验室诊断率47.45%,也呈逐渐上升趋势。冬季(11-12月及次年1月)是其发病高峰,报告病例数占39.82%(28 724/72 131)。城区年均发病率(132.26/10万)高于郊县(50.57/10万)。病例职业构成以散居儿童(57 128例,占79.20%)为主,其占比逐渐上升。0~1岁人群发病率最高(4 523.33/10万),其次是1~2岁人群(2 553.92/10万)。有明确病原报告的病例占23.84%(17 197/72 131),其中病毒感染病例占98.32%(16 908/17 197)。轮状病毒感染病例占93.88%(15 874/16 908),0~1岁组占92.04%(14 611/15 874),散居儿童占97.90%(15 540/15 874),发病高峰在冬季。细菌感染病例占1.61%(277/17 197),0~1岁组占65.70%(182/277),散居儿童占88.09%(244/277),发病高峰在夏秋季。重症病例331例,经病原学诊断的有13例,均为轮状病毒感染;死亡10例,均未经病原学诊断,其中8例为散居儿童。结论西安市其他感染性腹泻冬季高发,病例以散居儿童为主,病原谱分析显示轮状病毒是其主要病原。目前疫情防控形势仍很严峻,应在高发地区对重点人群采取针对性防控措施,以有效降低其发病率。Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics and pathogenic features of other infectious diarrhea from 2010 to 2018 in Xi’an City,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an(2010-2018)were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results Totally 72 131 cases of another infectious diarrhea were reported,with the annual average incidence rate of 92.49/10 000,and it had an upward trend.The laboratory diagnostic rate of reported cases was 47.45%,and it also showed an upward trend.The peak season was in November through December and January.In total,28 724 cases(39.82%)were reported during the peak period.The morbidity in central districts(132.26/10 000)was higher than those in suburban districts(50.57/10 000).Scattered children were the largest proportion among the reported cases and increased year by year.The highest incidence rate of age was 0-year-old group(4 523.33/10 000),followed by 1-year-old group(2 553.92/10 000).There were 17,197 cases with definite etiology,accounting for 23.84%.In all cases with definite etiology,virus infection accounted for 98.32 %,of which rotavirus accounted for 93.88%.Less than1-year-old group accounted for 92.04%,and scattered children accounted for 97.90%,while the peak season was in winter.Bacterial infection accounted for 1.61%,of which,less than 1-year-old group accounted for 65.70%,scattered children accounted for 88.09%,and the peak season were in summer and autumn.331 severe cases were reported,and the definite etiology of 13 severe cases was rotavirus.Among the 10 death cases,all of them were not diagnosed by etiology,of which 8 cases were scattered children.Conclusion The main population of other infectious diarrhea cases are scattered children.The incidence is highest in winter.Rotavirus is the leading cause of the reported cases.Other infectious diarrhea is one of the infectious diseases that should be focused on in Xi’an City.Control measures focusing on the target people

关 键 词：其他感染性腹泻 发病率 流行病学特征 病原谱 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]