黑龙江克山县耕地肥力要素多元分析  

Multivariate assessment of soil fertility indicators in Keshan county Heilongjiang province

作　　者：吴会军[1] 张淑香[1] 任意[2] WU Hui-jun;ZHANG Shu-xiang;REN Yi(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land,Beijing 100081;The Center of Extending and Service of Agricultural Technique in China,Beijing 100026)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京100081 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100026

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第4期53-57,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300804);国家行业专项(201503120);基本科研业务费专项(1610132018026,Y2016XT03)

摘　　要：监测和评价土壤肥力特征,是高效土壤管理的基础。运用多元数据分析方法,对黑龙江省克山县耕地质量监测数据进行深度挖掘,以明晰县域土壤肥力质量特征。该县耕作层土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾平均含量分别为44.32 g/kg、195.91 mg/kg、29.05 mg/kg、184.56 mg/kg,总体地力水平为中等。主成分分析1~6主成分解释了64.1%方差变异。采用聚类分析方法,把具有相似肥力特性的行政单元进行分类指导管理,针对土壤肥力分析结果,在作物种植过程中需大力推广科学施肥技术,重视有机肥与化肥配施,适当控制氮、磷肥施用,推进秸秆还田,为提高各乡镇耕地质量提出相关建议,为科学施肥和土壤培肥提供技术支撑。Knowledge and evaluation of soil fertility is a vital component of developing sustainable agronomic practices. The objective of this study is to identify soil parameters that are sensitive to changes in the soil and indicative of soil functions,using the second soil survey data. The mean soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphate,and available potassium are 44.32 g/kg,195.91 mg/kg,29.05 mg/kg,184.56 mg/kg.Six principal components accounted for 64.1%of variability among rotations. The soil parameters loaded within these components highlighted the strong influence on carbon and nitrogen cycling indicated by higher soil organic carbon,total nitrogen. Clustering analysis is good method for fertilization guidance in different town with similar fertility characteristis.A better fertilizer application practice base on the result applying organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer with reduced nitrogen and phosphate application rate,encouraging crop straw returning,will promote the crop production and soil quality.

关 键 词：土壤肥力 主成分分析 聚类分析 质量评价 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]