辽西半干旱区不同施氮水平下玉米‖花生系统对花生结瘤特性的影响  

Effect of N amount on nodulation of peanut in maize ‖ peanut intercropping system of semi-arid area in west Liaoning

作　　者：冯晨[1] 冯良山[1] 孙占祥[1] 郑家明[1] 杜桂娟[1] 张东升 张悦[2] 高砚亮 FENG Chen;FENG Liang-shan;SUN Zhan-xiang;ZHENG Jia-ming;DU Gui-juan;ZHANG Dong-sheng;ZHANG Yue;GAO Yan-liang(Institute of Crop Cultivation and Farming System,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110161;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang Liaoning 110866)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第4期127-131,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300202);国家自然基金国际合作项目(31461143025);辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金(2015002001);国家高层次人才特殊支持计划(青年拔尖人才);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(178093)

摘　　要：以农业部阜新农业环境与耕地保育科学观测实验站为研究平台,采用微区试验,设置不同种植模式(玉米单作、花生单作和玉米‖花生间作)及不同施氮量(0、100和200 kg/hm^2),研究不同供氮水平下玉米‖花生系统对花生根瘤特性的影响,结果表明,辽西风沙半干旱区玉米‖花生系统可显著增加各个生育时期的花生根瘤数,与单作花生相比,间作花生在不施氮条件下的根瘤增幅为1.79倍,施氮条件下平均增幅为4.81倍,即间作可明显促进花生根瘤形成,且在施氮条件下促进作用更加显著;研究还发现,玉米‖花生体系对花生根瘤形成的影响存在边行效应,靠近玉米的花生行根瘤增幅大于远离玉米的花生行。此外,单作及间作花生都存在"氮阻遏"现象,即随着施氮量的增加,花生根瘤形成受到抑制,玉米‖花生系统作物相互作用可对花生"氮阻遏"起到减缓作用。To clarify the nodulation characteristic of peanut in maize‖peanut intercropping system of semi-arid area in west Liaoning,a micro plot field experiment was conducted at Fuxin Science Observation Research Stations of Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Conservation,including the treatments of different planting patterns(sole maize,sole peanut and maize‖peanut intercropping)and different N amount(0,100 and 200 kg/hm^2). The results showed that the nodule number of peanut significantly increased in all growth stages by maize‖peanut intercropping system. The increasing range of N0 treatment was1.79 times,and average increasing range of N1 and N2 was 4.81 times,which indicated that the intercropping system promoted the nodulation of peanut,especially in the condition of N applying. What’s more,there was a border effect in the maize‖peanut intercropping,which showed the nodule number of peanut close to maize row was more than that of peanut far from the maize. In addition,as the N amount increased,the nodulation of peanut was inhibited. Besides,there was alleviatory effect on the inhibitory effect of N fertilization on the nodulation of peanut intercropped with maize.

关 键 词：玉米‖花生间作 结瘤特性 施氮量 氮阻遏 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.2