热源偏移对钢/铝异种材料等离子弧焊接接头温度场和残余应力的影响  

Effect of Heat Source Offset on Temperature Field and Residual Stress of Plasma Arc Welded Joint of Steel/Aluminum Dissimilar Materials

作　　者：刘方 郭玉龙 周广涛[1] 韩雪[3] 陈梅峰 李华晨 LIU Fang;GUO Yulong;ZHOU Guangtao;HAN Xue;CHEN Meifeng;LI Huachen(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;Luoyuan Vocational Education Center,Fuzhou 350600,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,厦门361021 [2]罗源职教中心,福州350600 [3]华侨大学数学科学学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2019年第8期55-59,68,共6页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：福建省激光精密加工工程技术研究中心开放基金资助项目(2018JKA005);华侨大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用有限元模拟方法研究了热源偏离钢铝界面的距离(热源偏移距离)对钢/铝异种材料等离子弧焊接接头温度场和残余应力的影响,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:钢/铝异种材料焊接接头温度场呈非对称分布,钢侧温度梯度小于铝侧的;随着热源偏移距离的增加,接头钢侧温度升高、熔宽增大,铝侧则相反;接头铝侧残余应力主要为拉应力,钢侧近界面处的残余拉应力随着热源偏移距离的增大而减小,最后变为压应力,远离界面处的残余应力主要为压应力;实测残余应力与模拟结果的相对误差小于8%,且残余应力状态与模拟结果相符。Effects of heat source offset distance from steel and aluminum interface(heat source offset distance)on the welding temperature field and residual stress of plasma arc welded joint of steel/aluminum dissimilar materials were studied by finite element simulation and verified by experiments.The results show that the temperature field of the welded joint of steel/aluminum dissimilar materials was asymmetrically distributed,and the temperature gradient on the steel side was lower than that on the aluminum side.With increasing heat source offset distance,the temperature and fusion width on the steel side of the joint increased,and those on the aluminum side had the opposite trend.The residual stress on the aluminum side of the joint was mainly tensile stress.On the steel side,the residual tensile stress near the interface decreased with increasing heat source offset distance,and finally changed into compressive stress;the residual stress far away from the interface was mainly compressive stress.The relative error between the experimental residual stress and the simulation was lower than 8%,and the residual stress situation was in line with the simulation.

关 键 词：钢/铝异种材料焊接 温度场 残余应力 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]