孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言和社交沟通障碍相关问题  

Issues related to language and social communication disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders

作　　者：杜青[1] 何宏祥 DU Qing;HE Hong-xiang(Department of Rehabilitation,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院康复医学科,上海200092 [2]昆明医科大学康复学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2019年第8期632-637,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

基　　金：上海市进一步加快中医药事业发展三年行动计划(2018-2020年);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会项目(201640067);上海市科委产学研医合作项目(16DZ1930108)

摘　　要：社交沟通障碍及语言障碍是孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童与其他儿童在互动上常见的障碍表现,而语言障碍常常也是评判ASD儿童严重程度的评判指标之一。该文从沟通障碍角度去分析、诠释ASD儿童在语言障碍及社交沟通障碍的相关表现,并介绍儿童综合行为疗法、关键反应治疗、自然情境教学法、语言表达训练、脚本法、以故事为基础的干预、社交技能训练在内的7种具有临床循证实践的语言干预方法,同时提供美国言语语言听力学会建议的干预方式。ASD儿童的语言早期干预具有重要意义,应推广以社区为基地、家庭积极参与的干预模式,积极开展家长培训,使ASD儿童能在语言关键期获得语言康复。Social communication disorders and language disorders are commonly found in children with autism spectrum disorders,and it is also one of the indicators for assessing the severity of the syndrome. This study analyzed the characteristics of language difficulties and social communication disorders in children with ASD. Then,seven evidence-based treatment methods of language rehabilitation for children with ASD were introduced,including Comprehensive Behavioral Treatment for Young Children,Pivotal Response Treatment,Natural Teaching Strategies,Language Training(Production),Scripting,Story-based Interventions and Social Skills Package. The interventions recommended by American Speech-LanguageHearing Association(ASHA) were also introduced. It is of great significance to provide the early intervention of language disorders for children with ASD. Community-based and family-based intervention models should be promoted,and parent training should be actively carried out,so that children with ASD can obtain language rehabilitation during the critical period of language learning.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 语言障碍 社交沟通障碍 干预方法 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]