半夏的毒性物质基础及其炮制解毒机制  

Toxic Components and Processing Mechanism of Rhizoma Pinelliae

作　　者：靳晓琪 黄传奇[2] 张耕 JIN Xiao-qi;HUANG Chuan-qi;ZHANG Geng(Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430000 China;Wuhan No.1 Hospital,Hubei 430000 China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北武汉430000 [2]武汉市第一医院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2019年第7期1717-1720,共4页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31670351;31400298)

摘　　要：半夏为天南星科植物半夏的干燥块茎,其主要功效为燥湿化痰、降逆止呕、消痞散结。虽然大量经典方剂中都配伍半夏,但同时其强烈的刺激性毒性以及肝肾毒性、妊娠毒性、遗传毒性受到了广泛的关注。该研究分别从以上四个方面研究半夏毒性的物质基础及毒性作用机理,并以刺激性毒性为基础,分别研究了汤洗、矾制及姜制对半夏毒性的影响及其减毒机制。研究发现半夏刺激性毒性的物质基础主要为草酸钙针晶及凝集素蛋白,白矾可与半夏草酸钙针晶发生反应从而降低半夏的刺激性毒性,生姜起协同作用以减少炎症的发生,而其余毒性的研究则没有定论。该研究对半夏的毒性物质基础及其炮制解毒机理的研究作一概述,为半夏毒性物质基础及炮制解毒的进一步研究提供理论基础。Rhizoma Pinelliae is one of the most commonly used toxic traditional Chinese medicine.Its intense irritant toxicity,hepatorenal toxicity,pregnancy toxicity,and genotoxicity have received extensive attention.This article studies the toxic substances and toxic mechanism of Rhizoma Pinelliae from the above four aspects,and based on irritant toxicity,the attenuation mechanism was studied.It’s found that the irritant toxicity substances of Rhizoma Pinelliae is mainly calcium oxalate crystals and lectin,alum can react with calcium oxalate crystals to reduce the irritant toxicity and ginger can act synergistically.This paper reviews the toxic substances and processing mechanism of Rhizoma Pinelliae.

关 键 词：半夏 毒性 炮制解毒 综述 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]