天津市某造船厂涂装车间吹吸式通风系统排风效果数值模拟研究  

Research on numerical simulation of push-pull ventilation system exhaust effect in a painting workshop of a shipyard in Tianjin

作　　者：杨斌[1] 胡萍[2] 陈建武[1] 周书林[1] 孙艳秋[1] YANG Bin;HU Ping;CHEN Jian-wu;ZHOU Shu-lin;SUN Yan-qiu(Institute of Occupational Health,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing,100029,China;Patent Examination Cooperation Jiangsu Center of The Patent Office,China National Intellectual Property Administration,Suzhou Jiangsu,215163,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院职业危害研究所,北京100029 [2]国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作江苏中心材料工程发明审查部环境与石油工程室,江苏苏州215163

出　　处：《职业与健康》2019年第15期2020-2024,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2016YFC0801700);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目资助(2019JBKY11,2019JBKY04)

摘　　要：目的为改善涂装车间喷漆作业过程中甲苯等有毒物质浓度超标的现状,为涂装车间吹吸式通风系统的合理设计提供参考依据。方法2018年9—12月以天津市某造船厂涂装车间喷漆作业为研究对象,运用FLUENT软件对涂装车间采用吹吸式通风时,不同排风口位置布置和不同送排风风量条件下的气流组织和甲苯的扩散规律进行数值模拟研究。结果数值模拟得出,采用吹吸式通风方式时,在送排风量相同的条件下,送排风口布置为上吹下吸时,有毒物质的控制效果优于上吹侧吸的送排风口布置形式。在排风量和送风量的比为1.5的条件下,送风风速为0.1m/s和0.2m/s时,待涂装工件两侧喷漆操作位甲苯质量分数在2.5×10^-5~4.0×10^-5之间;送风风速≥0.3m/s时,甲苯的质量分数均<2.0×10^-5,平均值为1.25×10^-5。结论当涂装车间采用上吹下吸的吹吸式通风方式,且在排风量和送风量的比为1.5的条件下,送风风速为0.3m/s时,最经济节能,同时有毒物质的控制效果较好,能够有效的降低喷漆作业人员接触有毒物质的浓度,保护劳动者的身体健康。Objective To improve the current situation of the unqualified concentration of toluene and other toxic substances in the paint shop painting process,provides a basis for the rational design of the push-pull ventilation in the paint shop.Methods From September-December 2018,the painting operation in the paint shop of a shipyard in Tianjin was selected as the research object, and the numerical simulation of the airflow structure and the diffusion of toluene under different air outlets by the push-pull ventilation in the paint shop were analyzed with the Fluent software.Results The numerical simulation showed that the air supply and exhaust was arranged to be blown up and down was better than the upper blow side suction under the same air supply and exhaust volume.Under the ratio of the air exhaust to the supply volume was 1.5,the toluene mass fraction of the painting operation position was between 2.5×10^-5 and 4.0×10^-5 when the air supply speed was 0.1 m/s and 0.2 m/s,while the the mass fraction of toluene was less than 2.0 ×10^-5 with the average value of 1.25 ×10^-5 when the air blowing speed was≥0.3 m/s. Conclusion Under the conditions of the painting workshop adopts the push-pull ventilation of blown up and down,ratio of the air exhaust to the supply volume is 1.5,and the air supply speed is 0.3 m/s,it is most economical and energy-saving,at the same time the control effect of toxic substances is better,which can effectively reduce the exposure concentration of toxic substances and protect the health of workers.

关 键 词：涂装车间 吹吸式通风 数值模拟 通风防护技术 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]