成年大鼠不同肺冲击伤伤情模型的建立  

Establishment of different lung impact injury models in adult rats

作　　者：袁丹凤[1] 杨傲 麻超[1] 梁毅 代维[1] 李奎[1] 周继红[1] YUAN Dan-feng;YANG Ao;MA Chao;LIANG Yi;DAI Wei;LI Kui;ZHOU Ji-hong(Institute of Surgery Research,Daping Hospital,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400042,China;Department of Emergency,General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu 610038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(大坪医院)野战外科研究所,重庆400042 [2]解放军西部战区总医院急诊科,成都610038

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2019年第8期643-647,共5页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81471865)~~

摘　　要：目的建立成年大鼠不同肺冲击伤伤情模型,为肺冲击伤诊治的实验研究奠定基础。方法选取7~8周龄成年SD雄性大鼠40只,随机分为4.5MPa组、4.8MPa组、5.0MPa组和5.5MPa组,每组10只,采用BST-Ⅰ型生物激波管以不同驱动压致伤。造模前后,记录各组大鼠一般生理状况、24h存活情况。造模后24h麻醉并活杀存活大鼠,观察肺脏损伤特点并采用脏器损伤分级(OIS)和简明损伤评分(AIS)进行伤情评定,取左下肺组织行常规病理切片,在光镜下观察肺组织损伤程度。结果所有大鼠造模成功,均出现呼吸急促、心率加快;24h内均未发生死亡,无血尿、血便。各组模型大鼠外耳道出血率、肛温、肺出血面积比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。4.5MPa组大鼠OIS分级集中在Ⅱ级,AIS评分集中在1分;4.8MPa组大鼠OIS分级集中在Ⅲ级,AIS评分集中在2分;5.0MPa组大鼠OIS分级集中在Ⅳ级,AIS评分集中在3分;5.5MPa组大鼠OIS分级集中在Ⅴ级,AIS评分集中在4分。各组大鼠OIS分级及AIS评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5.0MPa组和5.5MPa组OIS分级均高于4.5MPa组,5.5MPa组OIS分级高于4.8MPa组。AIS评分4组间任意两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),各组AIS评分从高到低依次为5.5MPa组>5.0MPa组>4.8MPa组>4.5MPa组。光镜观察见4组大鼠表现为不同程度的肺出血、水肿和不张,肺组织破裂。结论成功建立了稳定的成年SD大鼠轻度、中度、重度和极重度肺冲击伤模型。Objective To establish an adult rat model of lung blast injury in laboratory for providing a reliable rat model for the diagnosis and treatment of lung blast injury.Methods According to the different injury driving pressure of BST-Ⅰ biological shock tube,40 adult SD male rats aged 7 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 each): 4.5 MPa group,4.8 MPa group, 5.0 MPa group and 5.5 MPa group.The general physiological and 24-hour survival status of rats in each group were recorded before and after modeling.The survived rats 24 h after modeling were anesthetized and then killed,and the chest anatomy was performed. The characteristics of lung injury were observed,the degree of lung tissue injury was graded using organ injury scaling (OIS) and abbreviated injury scale (AIS).Furthermore,the left lower part of lung tissue was taken for routine pathological section,and the degree of lung tissue injury was observed under light microscope.Results All rats were successfully modeled and survived 24 h after injury,and showed shortness of breath and accelerated heart rate without hematuria and blood stool.There were significant differences among the four groups in bleeding rate of external auditory canal,anal temperature and pulmonary bleeding area (P<0.01). The grading scores of lung injury degree in four groups were as follows: for 4.5 MPa group,the OIS grade concentrated in grade Ⅱ, the AIS score concentrated in score 1;for 4.8 MPa group,the OIS grade concentrated in grade Ⅲ,the AIS score concentrated in score 2;for 5.0 MPa group,the OIS grade concentrated in grade Ⅳ,the AIS score concentrated in score 3;for 5.5 MPa group,the OIS grade concentrated in grade Ⅴ,and the AIS score concentrated in score 4.There existed significant differences in grading and score among the four groups (P<0.05).However,the results of OIS classification showed that the lung injury grades of 5.0 MPa group and 5.5 MPa group were higher than that of 4.5 MPa group,and the grade of 5.5 MPa group was higher than that of 4.8 MPa group.

关 键 词：肺冲击伤 成年大鼠 动物模型 生物激波管 

分 类 号：R31[医药卫生—基础医学]