精氨酸和谷氨酰胺对肉兔生长性能、代谢及健康的影响  

Effects of arginine and glutamine on growth performance,metabolism and health of rabbits

作　　者：王录军[1] 党小利[1] 王韦华[1] WANG Lujun;DANG Xiaoli;WANG Weihua(Weinan polytechnic,Weinan,Shanxi Province 714026,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南职业技术学院

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第16期77-81,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在探讨添加精氨酸和谷氨酰胺及其相互作用对肉兔生长性能、胴体化学成分、氮和能量体平衡的影响。试验选择1200只肉兔,从25~55d进行2个连续的育肥期试验,研究其生长性能、胴体成分及代谢相关指标。试验基础日粮氮含量为29.8g/kg、中性洗涤纤维为315g/kg,日粮氨基酸含量满足生长兔的营养需要。另外试验设计3个处理组,处理1组在基础日粮中添加5g/kg精氨酸,处理2组在基础日粮中添加5g/kg谷氨酰胺,处理3组在基础日粮中添加5g/kg精氨酸+5g/kg谷氨酰胺。整个试验期间肉兔未发生肠道疾病,饲喂谷氨酰胺日粮的肉兔试验期间死亡率最低(P<0.05),但在整个育肥期间添加精氨酸和谷氨酰胺对死亡率无显著影响(P>0.05)。日粮添加精氨酸使总氮和可消化氮的摄入量分别提高了10%和8%(P<0.05),但不影响氮和能量的沉积(P>0.05),可消化氮和可消化能量的沉积率分别降低了8%和7%(P<0.05),导致尿氮排泄量和能量损失显著提高(P<0.05)。因此,在断奶后肉兔日粮添加0.5%的谷氨酰胺可降低肥育期死亡率,添加0.5%精氨酸降低了氮和能量沉积效率,谷氨酰胺和精氨酸对肉兔生长及代谢无显著相互作用。The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of supplementation with arginine and glutamine and its interaction on growth performance,chemical composition of body and carcass,and digestible nitrogen and energy body and carcass retention efficiency in growing rabbits.1200 rabbits were studied in two consecutive fattening periods from 25 ~ 55 d.A control diet was formulated to contain 29.8 g/kg nitrogen and 315 g/kg neutral detergent fiber and with an amino acid level enough to meet rabbits post-weaning requirements,and further three treatment diets were obtained by adding to the basal diet as-fed basis 5 g arginine/kg,5 g glutamine/kg and a mixture of 5 g arginine and 5 g glutamine/kg.Rabbits fed with glutamine supplementation from 25 to 35 d of age showed lower mortality during the whole fattening period than those unsupplemented(P < 0.05).However,addition of arginine and glutamine during the whole fattening period did not affect the mortality(P > 0.05). Arginine supplementation increased total and digestible nitrogen intake by 10 and 8%,respectively(P < 0.05),without affecting nitrogen and energy retention,while the retention efficiency of digestible nitrogen and digestible energy decreased by 8% and 7%(P < 0.05).Moreover,an increase of urine nitrogen excretion and energy losses were also found(P < 0.05).In summary,addition of 0.5% of glutamine to post-weaned rabbits during the first days decreased fattening mortality,and 0.5% of arginine reduced the nitrogen and energy retention efficiency.No significant interaction between glutamine and arginine were found.

关 键 词：肉兔 精氨酸 谷氨酰胺 生长性能 代谢 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]