基于杂交水稻种子下落撞击特性的裂颖籽粒识别方法研究  

Research on recognition method of hybrid crack-glume rice seeds based on falling impact characteristics

作　　者：姚敏 李毅念[1] 杜世伟[1] 翟雪 丁启朔[1] 何瑞银[1] YAO Min;LI Yinian;DU Shiwei;ZHAI Xue;DING Qishuo;HE Ruiyin(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2019年第5期946-955,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300908);江苏省政策引导类计划(产学研合作)前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2016060-01);江苏省苏北科技专项项目(BN2015044,LYG-SZ201812);连云港市产学研联合研究项目(CXY1518)

摘　　要：[目的]由于不育系的一种遗传特征,杂交水稻种子存在较严重的裂颖现象,本文旨在研究一种杂交水稻裂颖种子有效识别方法,以达到减少、防止裂颖,提高种子储藏质量和秧苗素质及大田生产产量。[方法]利用压电式加速度传感器,获取杂交水稻种子下落撞击以65Mn钢为薄板材料的金属板悬臂梁产生的振动信号,并对撞击信号进行分析,实现水稻种子正常籽粒与裂颖籽粒的识别。通过正交试验分析钢板厚度、长度和种子下落高度对水稻裂颖籽粒识别率的影响。[结果]撞击振动信号的时域特征参数:电压最大值、极差、能量、均方根、峰度等可以作为区分水稻正常种子与裂颖种子的特征值,其中以能量作为区分标准效果最好,正常籽粒撞击钢板产生的能量普遍大于裂颖籽粒。钢板厚度为0.25mm、板长为200mm,种子下落高度为250mm时,检测综合识别率最大,其中,‘珍稻’综合识别率为85.10%;‘川优6203’的综合识别率为85.50%;‘荃优123’的综合识别率为84.40%;‘中1优188’的综合识别率为83.40%。[结论]通过分析杂交水稻种子下落撞击金属板的振动信号来识别水稻种子裂颖籽粒的方法可行。[Objectives] Due to a genetic feature of the sterile line,there is a serious crack-glume in hybrid rice seeds.The crack-glume will cause the germination and seedling quality of rice seeds to be worse than normal seeds.Therefore,recognizing the crack-glume rice seeds and sorting them out can effectively improve the seedling quality of the seed and the yield of the field production.[Methods] In this study,a piezoelectric accelerometer was used to obtain the impact vibration signal generated by the rice seed falling and impacting the plate,which was made of 65Mn spring steels.The impact vibration signal was analyzed to recognise the normal and crack-glume of rice seeds.Orthogonal experiments were carried out to analyze the effects of metal plate thickness,length and seed falling height on the recognition rate of the crack-glume rice seed.[Results] The experimental results showed that the time-domain characteristic parameters of the impact vibration signal:voltage maximum,range,energy,root mean square,kurtosis,etc.could be used as the eigenvalues for distinguishing between normal and crack-glume rice seeds.Distinguishing effect by using energy was the best.The energy produced by the normal seed impacting the plate was generally greater than that of the crack-glume seed.When the plate thickness was 0.25 mm,the plate length was 200 mm,and the seed falling height was 250 mm,the comprehensive recognition rate was the largest.The comprehensive recognition rate of‘Zhendao’‘Chuanyou 6203’‘Quanyou 123’ and ‘Zhongyiyou 188’was 85.10%,85.50%,84.40% and 83.40%,respectively.[Conclusions] The method for recognising hybrid crack-glume rice seeds by the rice seed falling impact and impacting steel plate vibration is feasible.

关 键 词：杂交水稻种子 裂颖 撞击 振动 识别 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]