紧束缚近似下立方晶格s态电子的等能面  

Isoenergetic surface of s-state electron in cubic lattices under tight binding approximation

作　　者：王春安 符斯列[2] WANG Chun-an;FU Si-lie(School of Electronic and Information,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou,Guangdong 510665,China;School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学电子与信息学院,广东广州510665 [2]华南师范大学物理与电信工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《大学物理》2019年第9期6-10,14,共6页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然基金(10575039);广东省自然科学基金(S2013010012548);广东省高校特色创新项目(2018KTSCX121)资助

摘　　要：大学物理专业的固体物理教学,通常以立方晶格为例,以静态图像的形式来说明s态电子等能面的空间分布特点,而缺乏等能面随波矢k变化的具体过程.本文采用Matlab程序具体展示了紧束缚近似下立方晶格s态电子等能面随着波矢k的变化,并给出了等能面的剖面图、叠加图、立体图和扩展图.结果表明:当波矢k从布里渊区中心向边界变动时,等能面会从"球面"向"类球面"变化,直至发生破缺,集中在布里渊区顶角附近.这些图像生动地展示等能面的变化,有效地辅助了教师的课堂教学以及加深了学生的理解.Cubic lattice is a common crystal structure. In the teaching of solid-state physics in university, the cubic lattice is usually taken as an example to illustrate the spatial distribution characteristics of isoenergetic surface in the form of static images. However, it is lack of the detail changing of isoenergetic surface with the wave vector k. In this paper, the variation of isoenergetic surface of the s-state electron in cubic lattices with the wave vector k under the tight binding approximation is shown in detail by using the MATLAB program. The superposition, cross-section and extension graphs of the isoenergetic surface are also given visually. These images show that when the wave vector k changes from the center of Brillouin zone to the boundary, the isoenergetic surface changes from a sphere to a spherical-like surface until it breaks and concentrates near the corner of Brillouin zone. These results vividly show the changing of isoenergetic surface and it effectively assists teachers’ teaching and deepens students’ understanding of solid-state physics.

关 键 词：紧束缚近似 立方晶格 等能面 MATLAB 

分 类 号：O4-39[理学—物理] O481