炸药底隙对炸药装药发射安全性的影响  

Effects of Bottom Gap of Explosive on Launching Safety

作　　者：严涵 于艳春 芮筱亭[3] 陈卫东[1] YAN Han;YU Yanchun;RUI Xiaoting;CHEN Weidong(School of Astronautics and Architectural Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;School of Water Conservancy and Architectural,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Research Institute of Launch and Dynamics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学航天与建筑工程系,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]南京理工大学发射动力研究所,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《弹道学报》2019年第3期46-52,共7页Journal of Ballistics

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFC0407301-03);东北农业大学“青年才俊”项目(18QC24)

摘　　要：为了避免炸药在发射环境下由于底隙中的空气受压缩加热引起膛炸,采用有限体积法,依据广义黏弹性统计裂纹本构模型,研究了在发射环境下炸药底隙对炸药装药安全性的影响。针对不同的炸药底部初始温度,分析了炸药内部应力和温度的分布规律,讨论了炸药底部温升与炸药点火的关系;依据理想气体绝热压缩方程,定量地分析了炸药底隙中空气压缩量与温度升高的关系。研究结果显示,随着炸药底隙中残留空气的压缩量的不断增大,炸药底部的温度也不断升高。当底隙中空气压缩量达到一定值时,炸药底部的温度升高到其点火温度,从而引发炸药点火。该分析结论可以作为炸药装药发射安全性分析的理论依据。The air in the base gap can be heated to bring about bore premature while the explosive is under the launching condition. In order to avoid the problem,the finite volume method was applied,and the effects of bottom gap of explosive on the safety of explosive were studied according to viscoelasticity statistical crack model. Aiming at the different initial temperatures at the bottom of the explosive,the distribution laws of internal stress and temperature of the explosive were analyzed,and the relationship between the temperature rise and the ignition of explosive at the bottom was discussed. According to the ideal gas adiabatic-compression-equation,the relationship between the temperature rise and the amount of air compression was quantitatively studied. The results show that with the increase of air compression amount in the base gap,the bottom temperature of explosive goes up continuously. When the amount of air compression in the base gap increases to a certain degree,the bottom temperature increases to the ignition temperature to ignite the explosive. The conclusion can be used as the theoretical basis for the safety analysis of explosive.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 炸药底隙 发射安全性 膛炸 有限体积法 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学]