低轨导航增强GNSS发展综述  

Review of the development of LEO navigation-augmented GNSS

作　　者：张小红[1,2] 马福建 ZHANG Xiaohong;MA Fujian(School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]地球空间环境与大地测量教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘学报》2019年第9期1073-1087,共15页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(41825009);武汉市应用基础前沿专项(2018010401011270)~~

摘　　要：低轨星座具有地面接收信号强度高、几何图形变化快的优势,能够与中高轨GNSS星座形成互补,对增强GNSS的精度、完好性、连续性和可用性具有显著优势,已成为当前卫星导航领域的关注热点。本文首先简要介绍了现有的GNSS增强系统;总结了国内外低轨导航增强星座发展现状;针对低轨导航增强,对比分析了高中低轨导航星座的优缺点;重点讨论了低轨导航增强在联合定轨、快速精密定位、空间天气监测和室内定位等方面带来的机遇;分析指出了低轨导航增强的空间段、地面段和用户段所面临的挑战。Low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation has the advantages of stronger received signal and rapider change of spatial geometry, which can be complementary to the GNSS constellation of medium- or high-Earth orbit, and has significant advantages in augmenting the accuracy, integrity, continuity and availability of GNSS, and has become a hotspot in the field of current satellite navigation. Firstly, this paper briefly presents the existing GNSS augmentation systems and summarizes the developing actuality of LEO navigation augmentation constellations at home and abroad.In allusion to LEO navigation augmentation, the advantages and disadvantages of the low-, medium- and high-Earth orbits used for satellite navigation are compared and analyzed. Moreover, the opportunities that LEO navigation augmentation system brings in terms of the combined precise orbit determination (POD), rapid and precise positioning, space weather monitoring, and indoor positioning are emphatically discussed.The challenges that the space segment, ground segment and user segment will face are also analyzed and pointed out.

关 键 词：低轨导航增强 低轨星座 全球导航卫星系统 星基增强系统 导航定位 联合定轨 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]