云南省某少数民族聚集县农村老年男性吸烟行为特征分析  

Analysis of smoking behavior characteristics of elderly men in rural areas of an ethnic minority aggregated city,Yunnan province

作　　者：孔德禄 王子云[2] 张维祥 杨敬源[2] 汪俊华[2] 杨婷婷[2] 蒋芝月[2] 罗兰苏 KONG Delu;WANG Ziyun;ZHANG Weixiang;YANG Jingyuan;WANG Junhua;YANG Tingting;JIANG Zhiyue;LUO Lansu(People's Hospital of Wenshan City,Wenshan,663000;Key Laboratory of Environm ental Pollution M onitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education/Guizhou Health Development Research Institute/School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Gui'an New Area,550025)

机构地区：[1]文山市人民医院,文山663000 [2]贵州医科大学环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室/贵州省卫生发展研究院/公共卫生学院,贵安新区550025

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2019年第4期282-288,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：贵州医科大学博士启动基金项目(YJ2016-4)

摘　　要：目的:本文旨在分析云南某少数民族地区老年人群吸烟行为的特征。方法:采用自拟的调查问卷,在云南某少数民族地区对当地60岁以上的男性老年人开展横断面调查;其中尼古丁依赖采用HSI量表(Heaviness of smoking index,HSI)进行评价。结果:本次调查的老年人群的现在吸烟率为64.3%,21.4%过去吸烟但现在已戒烟,14.3%从未吸过烟;不同民族、年龄段的当前吸烟情况差异具有统计学意义。吸烟的种类方面,现在吸烟人群中以卷烟为主的吸烟者为63.1%,也存在水烟和旱烟叶为主的吸烟者,分别占20.8%和16.1%。不同的烟草使用类型吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度不同,卷烟组、水烟组、旱烟组现在吸烟者烟草重度依赖分别占31.3%、78.6%、83.3%;以卷烟为主的现在吸烟者中,低年龄组、初始吸烟年龄小的人群严重尼古丁依赖的风险较高。结论:本次调查的少数民族地区老年人群现在吸烟率较高,吸烟种类以卷烟为主,但也存在水烟、旱烟使用,且水烟使用比例高于全国总体水平;以卷烟为主的现在吸烟者尼古丁依赖状况与年龄、初次吸烟年龄有关。Objective:This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of smoking behavior of the elderly people in a minority nationality area in Yunnan province.Methods:By using a self-made questionnaire,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the male elderly(over 60 years old)in a minority nationality area in Yunnan province.Nicotine dependence was evaluated via Heaviness of smoking index(HSI Scale).Results:Among the elderly,the current smoking rate is 64.3%,and21.4% of them used to smoke,and 14.3% of them have never smoked.There were significant differences in current smoking status among different nationalities and age groups.In this study,current smokers mainly smoked cigarettes(63.1%), water-pipe tobacco(20.8%)and long-stemmed tobacco(16.1%).Current smokers smoking different tobacco have different degree of nicotine,and prevalence of severe nicotine dependence were 31.3%,78.6% and 83.3% of cigarettes,water-pipe tobacco and long-stemmed tobacco smokers,respectively.Among current smokers who mainly smoked cigarettes,younger age,younger initial smoking age were positively associated with severely dependent on nicotine.Conclusion:The smoking rate of the elderly in the minority areas is high now,and the main type of tobacco is cigarette,but water-pipe tobacco(higher than the whole national level)and longstemmed tobacco were also smoked;age and age of onset smoking may be associated with high degree of nicotine dependence among current cigarette smokers.

关 键 词：老年人 烟草使用 尼古丁依赖 少数民族地区 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]