慢性心力衰竭患者限钠饮食执行现状调查  

Investigation on implementation of sodium-restricted diet among patients with chronic heart failure

作　　者：严伟[1] 孙国珍[1,2] 陈媛媛[2] 商淑华 王倩怡 顾则娟[1] Yan Wei;Sun Guozhen;Chen Yuanyuan;Shang Shuhua;Wang Qianyi;Gu Zejuan(Cardiac Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院心内科,江苏南京210029 [2]南京医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2019年第17期29-32,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：江苏省护理学医学创新团队项目(苏卫科教[2017]1号-3)

摘　　要：目的了解慢性心力衰竭患者限钠饮食执行现状并分析其相关因素。方法采用中文版限钠饮食问卷对182例住院慢性心力衰竭患者进行问卷调查。结果173例(95.05%)慢性心力衰竭患者有低盐饮食医嘱,仅23例(12.64%)得到医护人员具体盐摄入量(5~6g/d)的指导;17例(9.83%)总是严格遵循规定的低盐饮食,89例(51.45%)多数时候严格遵循;86例(49.71%)认为遵循规定的低盐饮食非常容易及容易;48例(27.75%)认为遵循低盐饮食对管理心脏状况很有帮助。限钠饮食问卷态度维度得分为(3.90±0.52)分,主观规范得分为(4.43±0.55)分,知觉行为控制得分为(3.01±1.13)分。单因素方差分析结果显示,不同文化程度患者的限钠饮食态度维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同性别患者的知觉行为控制维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论慢性心力衰竭患者限钠饮食执行不佳,尤其是在知觉行为控制方面。医护人员应重视对慢性心力衰竭患者执行限钠饮食阻碍因素的评估和干预,以提高患者限钠饮食依从性。Objective To understand the implementation of sodium-restricted diet among patients with Chronic Heart Failure(CHF),and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 182 inpatients with CHF were investigated using the Chinese version of the Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire (DSRQ). Results A total of 173(95.05%) patients had a sodium-restricted diet prescription,while only 23(12.64%) patients were guided by medical staff on specific salt intake (5-6 g/d);17(9.83%) patients always complied with the regulations strictly,89(51.45%) patients strictly followed most of the time;86(49.71%) patients thought it was very easy or easy to comply with the required low-salt diet;48(27.75%) patients thought complying with the low-salt diet was very helpful for managing the heart condition.In the DSRQ,the score of the attitude dimension was 3.90±0.52,subjective norm was 4.43±0.55,and perceived behavioral control was 3.01±1.13.The result of one-way analysis of variance showed that,there was significant differences in the score of attitude dimension among the patients with different educational backgrounds ( P <0.05) and the score of perceived behavioral control dimension between patients with different genders ( P <0.01). Conclusion The implementation of sodium-restricted diet among patients with CHF is poor,especially in the perceived behavioral control.Medical staff should pay attention to the evaluation and intervention of the factors impeding the implementation of sodium-restricted diet in patients with CHF,so as to enhance patients′ compliance on sodium-restricted diet.

关 键 词：慢性心力衰竭 限钠饮食 态度 规范行为 知觉行为 饮食依从性 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]