WTO法律解释“系统整合路径”的批判与重构——以“维护多边贸易合作”为基本立场  

Critique and Reconstruction on Systemic Integration Approach of WTO Legal Interpretation:In “Maintaining Multilateral Trade Cooperation” Basic Standpoint

作　　者：范笑迎[1] FAN Xiao-ying(School of Law,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学法学院

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2019年第4期3-18,共16页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“解决WTO上诉机构司法造法问题的理论路径与中国对策研究”(19YJC820011)

摘　　要：WTO法中存在一种贸易壁垒,即某些国内措施以增进非贸易价值为名行贸易保护之实。这些措施对WTO裁决机构的解释方法提出了更高的要求,以确保贸易价值与非贸易价值之间的平衡。联合国国际法委员会提出了“系统整合路径”的解释方法,然而,该方法为WTO法中引入其他领域的国际法规则提供了过大的灵活性,在WTO法律边界上为潜在的贸易保护和单边主义打开了缺口,进而对WTO多边体制构成威胁。对此,WTO裁决机构应当采取参与者视角的基本立场,维护WTO多边体制的有效性,从而为援引外部国际法规则解释WTO法设定标准。在此目的下,“显著性原则”涵盖于维护WTO多边体制有效性的内涵里,体现在WTO裁决机构的解释实践中,完成了对“系统整合路径”的重构。There is a kind of trade barrier of internal measures achieving trade protection in the name of promoting non-trade values.These measures bring up higher demand to WTO legal interpretation of dispute settlement,in order to balance trade and non-trade values.Therefore,United Nations International Law Commission put forward the“systemic integration approach”.However,this approach provides WTO legal interpretation with overlarge flexibility in introducing non-trade values and rules,and opens up a gap for potential trade protectionism and unilateral actions at the WTO legal border.Hence,WTO legal interpretation should be taken in participant’s view and basic standpoint-maintaining the effectiveness of WTO multilateral system,and therefore setting standard of introducing external international law for WTO legal interpretation.With this basic standpoint,the“salience principle”which is contained in the meaning of maintaining the effectiveness of WTO multilateral system and reflects in the interpreting practice of WTO dispute settlement,achieves reconstructing the systemic integration approach.

关 键 词：WTO法律解释 外部国际法 “系统整合路径” 多边贸易合作 显著性原则 

分 类 号：DF961[政治法律—国际法学]