喀拉喀托火山喷发过程与巽他海啸成因  

Eruption Process of Krakatoa Volcano and the Origin of the Sunda Tsunami

作　　者：王佳龙[1,2] 熊威 邹颖[2] 孙嘉祥 张雯倩 WANG Jialong;XIONG Wei;ZOU Ying;SUN Jiaxiang;ZHANG Wenqian(The First Monitoring Center, China Earthquake Administration, Tianjin 300180, China;Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局第一监测中心,天津300180 [2]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《华北地震科学》2019年第4期13-17,共5页North China Earthquake Sciences

基　　金：中国地震局监测预报司“全球典型火山事件跟踪上报”项目(16A44ZX285);国家留学基金项目(201804190016)

摘　　要：介绍了2018年12月22日发生的巽他海峡喀拉喀托火山喷发的过程及其火山监测情况,并提取了欧空局哨兵1A遥感卫星在火山喷发前后的遥感影像,通过遥感影像的对比分析获得了火山锥体的坍塌范围;使用3DAnalyst软件模块对坍塌部分的DEM影像进行分析,计算出海平面以上火山锥体的坍塌体积约为54000000m3,海面以下崩塌锥体体积更加巨大,崩塌导致火山周围水体发生激荡形成海浪,海浪相干传播至周边海岸附近引发了巽他海峡海啸;海啸灾害主要发生在印尼万丹省西冷县和板底兰县西部沿海,与根据火山喷发引发海啸的传播路径推测的受灾地区基本一致。This paper introduced the Sunda Strait Krakatoa erupting process happened on December 22, 2018 and its monitoring situation, and extract the Esa sentry 1A remote sensing satellite remote sensing image before and after the volcanic eruption, through the contrast analysis of remote sensing images obtained the scope of the collapse of the volcanic cone, we use 3D analysis software module to analyze the DEM image, and calculate the volume of the collapse of the volcanic cone above sea level is about 54 000 000 m 3, collapse under the surface of the sea more huge volume, collapse leads to the formation of a volcano happen agitate water waves, The waves' coherent spread to the surrounding coast triggered the sunda strait tsunami. The tsunami disaster mainly occurred in the west coast of Serang county and Pandeglang county in Banten province, Indonesia, which is basically the same as the disaster area that we predicted according to the propagation path of the tsunami caused by the volcanic eruption.

关 键 词：喀拉喀托火山 巽他海啸 火山喷发过程 火山活动 海啸成因 

分 类 号：P317.3[天文地球—固体地球物理学]