施肥量对9个花生品种农艺性状的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Amount on Agronomic Characters of Nine Peanut Varieties

作　　者：彭振英[1] 田海莹 丁红[2] 张智猛[2] 于晓霞 万书波[4] 李新国[1] Peng Zhenying;Tian Haiying;Ding Hong;Zhang Zhimeng;Yu Xiaoxia;Wan Shubo;Li Xinguo(Biotechnology Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Ecology and Physiology,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Station of Wendeng District,Weihai City,Weihai 264000,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心/山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [3]威海市文登区农业技术推广站,山东威海264000 [4]山东省农业科学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2019年第9期167-171,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD021000);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2018YFJH0601);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(2018GHZ007);山东省良种工程项目(2017LZN035);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018D04,CXGC2018B05)

摘　　要：花生是我国重要的经济和油料作物之一,在保障我国食用油供给方面具有重要作用。目前,我国花生施肥普遍偏多,科学施肥、节肥增产成为当前花生种植的重要内容。本研究对9个花生品种在不同施肥情况下的多个农艺性状进行了比较,发现不同花生品种对施肥量的反应是有差异的。总体而言,大部分花生品种在高肥和中肥条件下的产量、株高、分枝数、百果重、饱果率等指标明显高于低肥条件下,但是经济系数变化较小。对比各花生品种在高肥和中肥两种情况下的产量性状,发现冀花4号、海花1号、山花7号在中肥处理下经济产量都较高,花育31、花育22在高肥处理下经济产量较高,而丰花1号、山花11号和豫花15在高肥和中肥处理下差异不明显。因此在实际生产中应根据花生品种自身对肥料的需求调整施肥量,以达到节肥增产的目的。Peanut is one of the most important economic and oil crops in China. It plays an important role in guaranteeing the supply of edible oil in China. At present, peanut fertilization in China is generally excessive, so scientific fertilization and fertilizer saving with yield increasing has become an important part of peanut planting. In this study, several agronomic traits of 9 peanut varieties were compared under different fertilization conditions. It was found that the response of different peanut varieties to fertilization was different. Generally speaking, yield, plant height, branch number, hundred-pod weight and full-pod rate of most peanut varieties were significantly higher under high and medium fertilizer conditions than those under low fertilizer conditions, but the economic coefficient changed slightly. Compared the yield characteristics of different peanut varieties under high and medium fertilizer conditions, it was found that Jihua 4, Haihua 1 and Shanhua 7 had higher economic yield under medium fertilizer treatment, Huayu 31 and Huayu 22 had higher economic yield under high fertilizer treatment, while Fenghua 1, Shanhua 11 and Yuhua 15 had no significant difference under high and medium fertilizer treatments. Therefore, in order to save fertilizer and increase production, the amount of fertilizer should be adjusted to the demand of peanut varieties.

关 键 词：花生 施肥 农艺性状 经济产量 经济系数 

分 类 号：S565.201[农业科学—作物学] S147.22