袋装缓控释肥有序排肥装置设计  

Design of ordered fertilizer device for bagged slow-release fertilizer

作　　者：谢方平[1,2,3] 刘敏章 杨米米 刘大为 王修善[1,3] 任述光 Xie Fangping;Liu Minzhang;Yang Mimi;Liu Dawei;Wang Xiushan;Ren Shuguang(College of Engineering, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Chinese Grain and Oilseed, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment,Changsha 410128, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128 [2]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙410128 [3]湖南省智能农机装备重点实验室,长沙410128

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第16期40-49,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：湖南省农机装备创新发展项目,(湘财农指(2018)175号)

摘　　要：为满足作物生长期对肥料的不同需求,人们正研究通过控制肥料颗粒内部养分释放速率的缓控释肥,试验表明其可减少施肥量,避免资源浪费和环境污染。目前,袋装缓控释肥的施放主要采用手工,耗工费时,效率低下。为实现袋装缓控释肥机械化施放,该文根据其基本物理参数及力学特性,对袋装肥有序排队机理、余量清理、定量施放进行研究,设计了一种袋装缓控释肥的有序排肥装置,它由偏心分离机构、清理机构、排肥机构及动力传输机构组成,以偏心轮转速、毛刷轮转速及毛刷轮与刮板输送带之间的间距为影响因素,以合格指数、漏排指数、重排指数为评价指标,进行正交试验,得出各因素对评价指标的影响关系。利用Design-Expert软件得到各因素的最佳参数组合为:偏心轮转速600 r/min、毛刷轮转速95 r/min、毛刷轮与刮板输送带之间的间距为18 mm,并进行验证试验得到排肥合格指数平均值为82%,漏排指数平均值9.33%,重排指数平均值8.67%。该研究为研制袋装缓控释肥有序施放排肥器提供了参考。By controlling the release rate of fertilizer nutrients, bagged slow-release fertilizer can reduce the amount of fertilizer application. In the past, the fertilization method of bagged slow-release controlled release fertilizer was mainly manual, high cost and low efficiency. In order to realize the mechanized application of bagged slow-release fertilizer, we measured its basic physical parameters and mechanical properties, based on the measured data, we had studied the ordered queuing mechanism, residual material cleaning and quantitative application of bagged slow-release fertilizer, designed a bagged slow-release fertilizer ordered fertilizer device, which was composed of an eccentric separating mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a fertilizer discharging mechanism and a power transmission mechanism. We performed kinematic analysis on the eccentric separation mechanism, calculated the motion parameters of the vibrating plate by vibration principle, found out the factors affecting the movement of the bagged fertilizer, and verified the synonym of the motion parameters. Theoretical analysis showed that the eccentric speed should be in the range of 493.69-618.79 r/min. For the pre-test surface, the flexural strength of the fertilizer was suitable for mechanized discharge in the range of 198-318.34 mN·cm, took the eccentric wheel speed, the brush wheel speed and the distance between the brush wheel and the scraper conveyor belt as the influencing factors. The orthogonal index test was carried out with qualified rate, miss rate and repeat rate as the evaluation indicators. It established a mathematical model of influencing factors and evaluation indicators. We analyzed the response surface map,drove the relationship between influencing factors affecting the trend of the qualification index and the interaction of influencing factors. We used the Design-Expert software, and the optimal combination of parameters was obtained: the eccentric wheel speed was 600 r/min, the brush wheel speed was 95 r/min, and the distance b

关 键 词：机械化 设计 优化 袋装缓控释肥 有序 排肥装置 可降解包装袋 

分 类 号：S222.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]