微胶囊红磷对高抗冲聚苯乙烯的阻燃作用及机理  

Flame-Retarding Effect of Microencapsulated Red Phosphorus on High Impact Polystyrene and Its Mechanism

作　　者：贺云鹏 李行 刘继纯[1] He Yunpeng;Li Hang;Liu Jichun(School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学化工与制药学院

出　　处：《塑料科技》2019年第9期119-123,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1704144)

摘　　要：通过熔融共混法制备了一系列不同组成的高抗冲聚苯乙烯/微胶囊红磷(HIPS/MRP)复合材料,利用垂直燃烧、极限氧指数、锥形量热分析等方法研究了复合材料的阻燃性能;采用红外光谱、拉曼光谱和扫描电镜研究了燃烧残余物的结构和组成。结果表明:在HIPS基体中加入少量MRP可使聚合物的阻燃性能提高,加入过多MRP会降低聚合物的阻燃性能;MRP能够促进HIPS在燃烧时成炭,其炭层中含有P-O键;燃烧残余物中的一部分碳原子以类似石墨的层状结构存在,另一部分碳原子则以无定形碳形式存在;少量MRP添加到HIPS中,其阻燃作用主要发生在气相,而用量较多时复合材料成炭性增强,阻燃作用主要发生在凝聚相。但由于残炭质松多孔,其凝聚相阻燃作用较弱,无法使材料自熄。A series of high impact polystyrene/microencapsulated red phosphorus(HIPS/MRP)composites with various compositions were prepared by melt-compounding.Vertical burning test,limiting oxygen index and cone calorimetry were employed to study flame retardancy of the composites.The structure and composition of the combustion residue were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy,respectively.The results indicate that the addition of a small amount of MRP can improve flame retardancy of HIPS.Excessive loading of MRP leads to decreased fire retardancy.The addition of MRP can promote charring of HIPS and there is P-O bond in the charred residue layer.One part of the carbon atoms in the combustion residue arrange in graphite-like layered structure,the other part of the carbon atoms exist in amorphous carbon.It is believed that the flame retardant action occurs mainly in the gas phase when small amount of MRP is added to the HIPS matrix.The composite displays noticeable charring and the flame retardant effect happens mainly in the condensed phase when the loading of MRP is more enough.However,as the charred residue produced by the HIPS/MRP composite is loose and porous,the flame retardant effect in the condensed phase is limited and cannot make the composite self-extinguish.

关 键 词：高抗冲聚苯乙烯 微胶囊红磷 阻燃性能 阻燃机理 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]