皖东牛发汗速率与血浆一氧化氮浓度关系的季节变化  

Seasonal changes in the relationship between the sweating rate and nitric oxide concentration in the plasma of Wandong cattle

作　　者：韩波 颜培实[1] 邱静芸 龚会单 崔志浩 殷发蓉 HAN Bo;YAN Peishi;QIU Jingyun;GONG Huichan;CUI Zhihao;YIN Farong(College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2019年第9期27-30,共4页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500508);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303145)

摘　　要：选择健康状况良好、平均体重(457±16.6) kg的皖东公牛9头,分别在夏季(27~39℃)和秋季(18~25℃),通过测量牛舍环境温度、直肠温度(RT)、肩臀部发汗速率(SR)和血浆一氧化氮(NO)浓度,建立体感温度公式,揭示不同温湿度对皖东牛直肠温度的影响和血浆NO浓度与发汗速率的内在联系。结果:以直肠温度作为皖东牛对干球温度(DBT)和湿球温度(WBT)的反应指标,得到夏秋季节的体感温度(ET)公式分别为:ET=0.28DBT+0.72WBT和ET=0.51DBT+0.49WBT,表明随着温度的升高,湿球温度在体感温度公式中的影响比重加大。夏季NO浓度显著低于秋季(P<0.01),肩臀部发汗速率显著高于秋季(P<0.01)。结论:(1)南方夏季高温高湿环境下,随着环境温度的升高,干球对直肠温度的影响比重减小,湿球的影响比重加大;(2)发汗速率与血浆NO浓度呈现季节性变化:夏季发汗速率随温度的升高而升高,而血浆NO浓度递减;秋季血浆NO浓度、发汗速率随温度的降低而递减。We selected 9 Wandong bulls with good health and average body weight(457±16.6) kg in this study. By measuring the ambient temperature of the barns, the rectal temperature(RT), the shoulder and hip sweating rates(SR), and the NO concentration in the plasma, of the bulls, respectively, in summer(27~39 ℃) and autumn(18~25 ℃), we established a somatosensory temperature formula to reveal the effect of different degrees of temperature and humidity on their rectal temperature and the intrinsic link between the vasoactive factor NO and their sweating rate. The results showed that, using the rectal temperature as the responsive index of Wandong cattle to their dry bulb temperature(DBT) and wet bulb temperature(WBT), we obtaiend the effective temperature(ET) formulas for summer and autumn which were ET=0.28 DBT+0.72 WBT and ET=0.51 DBT+0.49 WBT, respectively;which showed that, as the temperature increased, the proportion of the wet bulb temperature in the somatosensory temperature formula increased, too. The NO concentration in the plasma in summer was significantly lower than that in autumn. However, the sweating rates of the shoulder and hip were lower in summer than in summer. In conclusion, Under high temperature and high humidity in summer in the south of the country, the increasing ambient temperature reduced the proportion of the dry bulb to the rectal temperature, and raised the proportion of the wet bulb at the same time. The sweating rate and NO concentration showed seasonal changes: the sweating rate increased with the rise of temperature in summer, while the NO concentration decreased;and the NO concentration and sweating rates decreased with the fall of temperature in autumn.

关 键 词：直肠温度 NO浓度 发汗速率 体感温度 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]