硬岩中的可重复使用抗爆洞室结构设计技术  

Structural design technology of reusable blast-resistant caverns in hard rock mass

作　　者：熊益波[1] 钟方平[1] 王万鹏[1] 肖卫国[1] 王雷元[1] 杨文喜[1] 白友良[1] 杨进超[1] XIONG Yi-bo;ZHONG Fang-ping;WANG Wan-peng;XIAO Wei-guo;WANG Lei-yuan;YANG Wen-xi;BAI You-liang;YANG Jin-chao(Laboratory of Intense Dynamic Loading and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi'an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所强动载与效应实验室

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2019年第9期1759-1766,共8页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

摘　　要：在原岩中直接进行化爆模拟试验是研究地震耦合效应的重要方法,但存在爆心附近原岩介质状态改变或地震传播路径变化的问题,从而导致地震信号质量差、工程代价高。为此,提出了在地下洞室中构建可重复使用钢纤维混凝土衬砌结构的抗爆设计思路。采用数值模拟方法,对结构损伤破坏的高风险区域及破坏形式进行了预测;根据数值模拟结果,制定了针对性结构设计方案。在设计建设的密闭设施内重复开展了数百公斤级TNT当量化爆试验,通过爆后壁面破损情况对比、钻孔取样与钻孔摄像观测,证实多次爆炸未对衬砌与原岩界面产生明显影响;相似事件在同一台站的地震信号表现出了较高稳定性和重复性,证明该抗爆结构达到了预期设计目标。该工作可为类似抗爆设施建设提供工程实例与技术参考。Chemical explosion in rock mass is an important method to study the seismic coupling effects, but the characteristics of rock near the explosive always change or the propagation path of seismic waves always changes, which will bring bad quality of seismic waves and higher engineering cost. An antiknock structure and its design method are presented to solve this problem, in which the steel fiber-reinforced concrete is lined, and the experiments can be reduplicated. The numerical simulation is performed on predicting the high-risk location of structural damages and the fracture modalities. Then, a structural design project is established in allusion to the simulated results. In this closed facility, the chemical experiments with TNT charge of hundreds of kiloliters magnitude are carried out repeatedly. Through the comparisons of damages on wall after bursting, borehole sampling and borehole observation, it is confirmed that multiple explosions have no obvious effects on the lining interface. The seismic signals of similar events in the same placement show good stability and repeatability, which confirm that the blast resistant structure has achieved the expected design objective. This work may be provided as an engineering case or technical reference.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 钢纤维混凝土衬砌 空腔爆炸 抗爆结构 地震波 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学] O347[理学—力学]