2012-2018年黄冈市术前患者乙肝丙肝梅毒艾滋病感染情况分析  

Infection of Hepatitis B,Hepatitis C,Syphilis and AIDS in Patients Before Operation in Huanggang Central Hospital From 2012 to 2018

作　　者：吴雅兰[1] 饶凤英[2] 刘施岚 凌小琴 WU Yalan;RAO Fengying;LIU Shiyi;LING Xiaoqin(Huanggang Central Hospital,Huanggang 438000,Hubei Province,China;School of nursing,Huanggang Vocational and Technical college,Huanggang 438000,Hubei Province,China;Huanggang center for disease control and prevention,Huanggang 438000,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]黄冈市中心医院,湖北黄冈438000 [2]黄冈职业技术学院护理学院,湖北黄冈438000 [3]黄冈市疾病预防控制中心,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2019年第9期975-979,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：湖北省职教学会重点课题(项目编号:ZJGA201849)

摘　　要：目的分析2012-2018年术前患者乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(抗-TP)、艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况,为工作人员进行自我防护及防范医疗纠纷提供参考。方法搜集2012-2018年黄冈市中心医院6315例患者术前传染病检查相关资料,分析HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、HIV在术前患者中感染情况及其年代、性别、年龄分布差异。结果 6 315例术前患者中传染病患病率达10.83%(684/6 315),其中HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、HIV阳性率分别为8.88%、1.11%、0.81%和0.03%;2012-2018年黄冈市中心医院传染病总阳性率有上升趋势,HBsAg阳性率下降,但仍高于其他传染病阳性率,而抗-HCV上升,抗-TP先上升,至2018年时下降,HIV阳性率保持平稳;2012-2018年,黄冈市中心医院术前男性患者的HBsAg、抗-TP阳性率高于女性(P<0.05),不同年龄术前患者各传染病阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2012-2018年黄冈市中心医院术前患者4项传染病感染率普遍较高,应加强术前感染性指标的检测,为预防及减少医院感染、医护人员暴露提供管理依据。Objective To analyze the infection of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV),treponema pallidum(anti-TP) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) in patients before operation in Huanggang Central Hospital from 2012 to 2018,as well as to provide clues for staffs conducting selfdefense and preventing medical disputes.Methods Non-probability method was used to collect data of preoperative infectious disease examination from 6 315 patients in Huanggang Central Hospital from 2012 to 2018. The infection status of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-TP and HIV in patients before operation was analyzed and the differences of these results in different years, gender and age were compared. Results The prevalence of infectious diseases in preoperative patients was 10.83%(684/6 315). The positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-TP and HIV were 8.88%,1.11%,0.81% and 0.03%,respectively. The positive rate of anti-HCV showed an upward trend from 2012 to 2018 with statistical significance.However, the positive rates of other three infectious diseases showed no obvious tendency from2012 to 2018. During the period from 2012 to 2018,the positive rates of HBsAg and anti-TP in men were higher than those in women in Huanggang Central Hospital(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of infectious diseases among preoperative patients of different ages(P>0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of the four infectious diseases in preoperative patients in Huanggang Central Hospital from 2012 to 2018 is generally relatively higher. The detection of preoperative infectious indicators should be strengthened in order to provide management basis for preventing and reducing hospital infections and exposure of medical staffs.

关 键 词：乙肝 丙肝 梅毒 艾滋病 感染 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学] R512.91[医药卫生—临床医学]