2013-2017年某三级医院医院感染与社区感染现患率对比分析  

Comparative Analysis on Prevalence Rates of Nosocomial Infection and Community Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Hospital During 2013 to 2017

作　　者：张燕华[1] 常洪美[1] 柴建华[1] 李炼[1] ZHANG Yanhua;CHANG Hongmei;CHAI Jianhua;LI Lian(Chongzhou Municipal People’s Hospital,Chongzhou 611230,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]崇州市人民医院

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2019年第9期980-983,990,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省重点专科科研项目(项目编号:2014-HMO1-00346-SF)

摘　　要：目的了解某医院2013-2017年医院感染和社区感染现状,为医院的感染防控提供参考。方法运用现患率调查的方法,对某县级三级乙等医院近5年的医院感染现患率情况进行调查和分析。结果共调查人数3 925例,医院感染131例,医院感染现患率3.34%,社区感染2 307例,社区感染现患率58.78%。医院感染现患率最高的科室为儿科(7.60%),社区感染现患率最高的科室为呼吸与危重症医学科(90.85%)。医院感染病例共检出病原体22株,主要为大肠埃希菌(40.91%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(13.64%),社区感染病例共检出病原体108株,主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(19.44%)、大肠埃希菌(18.52%)和铜绿假单胞菌(12.04%)。医院感染和社区感染部位均以下呼吸道(41.61%,48.82%)为主。结论该院医院感染和社区感染的特点提示应加强消毒隔离和手卫生等管理,进一步防控医院感染发生。Objective To investigate the situation of nosocomial infection and community acquired infection in 2013 to 2017 so as to provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures for nosocomial infections. Methods The prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a tertiary class-B hospital in the recent five years were investigated and analyzed. Results A total of3 925 patients were investigated. Among them, nosocomial infections were found in 131(3.34%)and community acquired infections in 2 307(58.78%). The highest prevalence of nosocomial infections was found in the Department of Pediatrics(7.6%), and the highest prevalence of community acquired infections was found in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine(90.85%). A total of 22 pathogens were detected from patients with nosocomial infections,mainly including Escherichia coli(40.91%) and Acinetobacter baumannii(13.64%). A total of108 pathogens were defected from patients with community acquired infections, mainly including K. peneumoniae(19.44%), Escherichia coli(18.52%) and P. Aeruginosa(12.04%). The most affected site of both nosocomial infections and community acquired infections was the lower respiratory tract(41.61% and 48.82%). Conclusion The characteristics of community acquired infections and nosocomial infections in the hospital in this study implies that,in order to further control the occurrence of infections,it is imperative to strengthen disinfection and isolation and enhance hand hygiene management.

关 键 词：医院感染 社区感染 现患率 调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]