从被动追随到主动选择：新中国成立以来农村妇女意愿生育性别偏好变迁及其原因  

From Passive Follow to Active Choice: The Change Track of Rural Women’s Willingness about Children’s Sex since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

作　　者：陈丽琴[1] Chen Liqin(School of Politics and Public Administralion, Hainan University, Htukou 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2019年第9期26-36,156,共12页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目《民族旅游发展对黎族女性的影响研究》（项目编号：13CMZ050）的阶段性成果和海南省公共治理研究中心成果

摘　　要：妇女意愿生育性别偏好的变迁不仅反映和隐匿着农村政治经济社会的历史变迁,也彰显着妇女主体意识崛起和增强的实时图景。新中国成立70年来,农村妇女经历了从"强烈的男孩偏好"到"男女均好"的偏男生育意愿逐渐弱化的变迁历程。偏男生育意愿的弱化是乡村多元治理中"她力量"的崛起和妇女主体意识增强的必然结果,体现了农村妇女在意愿生育性别偏好上从被动追随到主动选择的过程。同时,农村社会加速转型带来了社会的异质性和流动性,使得偏男意愿生育的"经济收益"、"社会评价效用"、"养老送终"的实用价值不断被削弱,为妇女偏男生育意愿的弱化提供了助力。The change of women's desire about children's sex not only reflects and conceals the historical changes of rural politics, economy and society, but also shows the real-time prospect of the rise and enhancement of women's subjective consciousness. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,rural women have experienced the process of desire about children's sex becoming gradual weakening. The women's desire about children's sex is from "desiring for boys" to "the same of having boys as girls". The weakening of preference for male fertility is the inevitable result of the rise of "her power" and the enhancement of women's subjective consciousness in rural pluralistic governance, which reflects the process of rural women from passive to active choice. The accelerated transformation of rural society has brought about the heterogeneity and mobility of society, which has weakened the practical value of "economic benefits","social evaluation utility",and gave a hand to the weakening of women's preferential male fertility.

关 键 词：农村妇女 意愿生育性别偏好 妇女赋权 

分 类 号：D669.68[政治法律—政治学] C924.21[政治法律—中外政治制度]