具有质量差异的项目支付进度问题研究——以软件项目为例  

Research onPayment Scheduling Problems with Different Quality ——Take a Software Project as Example

作　　者：曹萍 张剑[2] 熊焰 CAO Ping;ZHANG Jian;XIONG Yan(College of Economic and Management,Shanghaiinstitute of technology,Shanghai 201418,China;School of Air Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院,上海201418 [2]上海工程技术大学航空运输学院,上海201620

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2019年第9期192-199,共8页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学资金资助项目(71673190)

摘　　要：目前带有惩罚结构的项目支付进度模型通常以时间或成本为激励因子,来约束承包商保证进度和节约成本,未考虑质量因素对支付进度的影响。质量是项目管理的主要目标和决定项目成败的关键因素,研究质量对项目支付进度的影响有助于激励承包商提高表现从而保证项目质量。以软件项目为例,以软件产品质量为激励因子,分别从承包商和客户的角度构建现金流净现值最大化为目标的项目支付进度优化模型,分析承包商表现水平及风险规避对双方收益的影响。针对模型的特点设计了遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法的混合算法求解模型。最后通过算例分析表明,质量激励因子对项目的支付进度和双方的收益均存在较大的影响,为双方协商支付进度提供决策支持。Currently,project payment schedules with penalty structure model usually take time or cost as motivating factors,to restrain the contractor to ensure progress and cost savings. These schedules ignore the influence of project quality on the payment schedule,while quality of project is the main goal of the project management and the key factors influencing project success. Studying the influence of the project quality on payment schedule can help motivate the contractor to improve performance and ensure the quality of project. With software project as an example,the paper studies the project payment schedule problem taking quality of software products as incentive factor under certain capital constraint,and constructs two pay schedule optimization models to maximize the net present value of cash flow,from perspectives of contractors and clients,respectively. The two proposed models try to find optimized payment schedule by adopting bonus-penalty structure to balance profits between client and contractor. The two models analyse the influence of different performance levels by the contractor on benefits of both parties. Considering the characteristics of models,then,a hybrid algorithm of genetic algorithm and Tabu search algorithm are designed for solving the proposed models. Finally,a numerical example is given. The results show that the payment schedules of the project involving quality motivating factors have great influence on benefits of both parties,and provide them with decision-making support for payment schedule.

关 键 词：项目质量 支付进度 惩罚结构 软件项目 混合启发式算法 

分 类 号：C935[经济管理—管理学] F224.33