有限政府与无限政府:乡村振兴中的基层政府行为研究  

Limited Government and Unlimited Government:AnAnalysis on the Behavior of Grassroots Government in Rural Revitalization

作　　者：张高军[1] 易小力[1] Zhang Gaojun;Yi Xiaoli

机构地区：[1]暨南大学深圳旅游学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2019年第5期32-52,共21页China Rural Survey

基　　金：2018年广东省高水平大学建设专项资金项目“乡村旅游对乡村振兴的促进作用研究”(项目编号：SZTC01)的资助

摘　　要：在乡村振兴过程中,县级及其以下的基层政府至关重要。本文以国家级贫困县栾川县的乡 村振兴之路为案例,通过 10 天的田野调查和对 23 人的访谈数据,分析有限政府论与无限政府论两种 理论在乡村振兴中的应用。结果发现:第一,基层政府通过寻求有限政府和无限政府之间的动态平衡, 对市场要素流动和分配进行干预,这是解决乡村衰落问题,实现乡村振兴的有效路径。而基层政府在 乡村振兴中发挥主导作用,是平衡社会发展效率与公平、推动城乡二元结构系统演进的需要。第二, 栾川县实施乡村振兴战略的路径是,通过基层政府的干预,使市场要素向乡村旅游产业流动,具体包 括资源整合、组织创新、示范带动、远近皆交、三类优先、情法结合 6 个方面。第三,乡村振兴背景 下,有限政府与无限政府之间动态转化的完整过程可分为 3 个阶段,即从有限政府向无限政府延伸、 无限政府与有限政府共存、再回归到有限政府。In the process of rural revitalization, the grassroots government (GRG) at the county level and below plays an important role. This article takes Luanchuan county, a state-level poverty-stricken county, as an example, and analyzes the application of limited government theory and unlimited government theory in the context of rural revitalization. The analysis is based on a 10-day field survey and 23 interviews. The results show that, firstly, by seeking a dynamic equilibrium between limited government and unlimited government, the GRG imposes influence on the market resources flow and distribution of market resources between urban and rural areas, which is an effective way to solve the problem of rural decline and to achieve the goal of rural revitalization. The GRG plays a leading role in rural revitalization, in order to balance the efficiency and fairness of social development and promote the evolution of urban-rural dual structure system. Secondly, Luanchuan County has implemented rural revitalization strategy through the intervention of the GRG to guide market factors flow to the rural tourism industry, by way of resource integration, organizational innovation, demonstration projects, “close-to-far interaction”, emphasis on “three types of priority”, and combination of situation and law. Thirdly, in the context of rural revitalization, the whole process of dynamic transformation between limited government and unlimited government can be divided into three stages, namely, the stage from limited government to unlimited government, the stage of co-existence of the two, and the stage of limited government back again.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 乡村旅游 政府责任论 基层政府 栾川县 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]