大众文学在俄国的起源和发展考  

On Origins and Development of Popular Literature in Russia

作　　者：林精华[1,2] Lin Jinghua

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学 [2]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2019年第4期94-142,共49页Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目《剑桥俄罗斯文学(九卷本)翻译与研究》(项目批准号:14ZDB089);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心基地重大项目“20世纪早期俄国思想史”(项目批准号:11JJDGJW007)的阶段性成果;普林斯顿大学访问学者项目支持

摘　　要：大众文学是城市化的产物。城市化进程在世界各国各不相同,大众文学也就不是只有欧洲及其延伸--美国的模式。彼得大帝开启的城市化进程,伴随着引进欧洲流行的世俗文学,也就在翻译和模仿其基础上,开始了大众文学在俄国的生产、流通和消费过程。三百多年来,无论经历帝俄还是苏联抑或俄联邦的历史变迁,由于实行书刊审查制度,使得大众文学在俄国始终以不同于欧洲-美国的模式展开:它是作为现代俄罗斯文学整体所发展起来的,而不是其中的特殊文类,并且相伴而生的文学批评,有不少是正视大众文学之存在和价值的;大众文学和俄罗斯经典文学构成互动关系,即文学批评观念变化和文学教育,是从各时代的畅销作品中筛选出经典的,造成许多得到官方倡导的文学,其影响力时常不及所谓低级的大众文学。Popular literature is the product of urbanization.Urbanization differs all over the world,and popular literature does not have just the European or its extension--the American model.The urbanization initiated by Peter the Great,along with introducing popular secular literature in Europe and on the basis of translation and imitation,began the process of production,circulation and consumption of popular literature in Russia.For more than three centuries, whether it was imperial Russia or the Soviet Union or the Russian Federation, due to the censorship system,popular literature has always been developed in Russia in a mode different from the European or American model.It was developed as a whole of modern Russian literature,not as a special category. Quite a lot of criticism questions the existence and value of popular literature. Popular literature and Russian classics interact with each other,that is,concept changes of literary criticism and literary education are selected from best-selling works in various eras.Consequently,many officially advocated classics are not so popular as so-called inferior popular literature.

关 键 词：俄国城市化 俄罗斯大众文学 俄罗斯大众文学批评 俄罗斯认同 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学] I206.6[政治法律—外交学]