热分析法研究CuSO4·5H2O结构  

Research on CuSO4·5H2O Structure with Thermal Methods

作　　者：齐之锴[1] 李鹏[1] 房俊卓[1] Qi Zhikai;Li Peng;Fang Junzhuo(State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering,Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期277-280,共4页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏“化学工程与技术”国内一流学科建设基金资助项目(CET-JX-2017B06)

摘　　要：利用热分析法(TG/DSC)研究五水硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O)的热分解过程,并对其脱水机理及硫酸铜(CuSO4)在高温下分解机理进行探索.研究表明,在升温速率为1℃/min时,CuSO4·5H2O的脱水过程为,在75℃失去2个结晶水,在100℃又失去2个结晶水,在215℃失去最后1个结晶水.CuSO4分解为,CuSO4在700℃分解生成氧化铜(CuO)和三氧化硫(SO3),理论失重率为32.0%,实际失重率为31.0%;CuO在810℃进一步分解生成氧化亚铜(Cu2O)和氧气(O2),理论失重率为3.2%,实际失重率为3.2%,理论计算与实际测量值基本吻合.用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CuSO4·5H2O分解产物进行分析,表征结果与热分析结果相一致,进一步验证了热分析方法的可靠性.The article studied thermal decomposition process of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO 4·5H 2O) with thermal analysis (TG/DSC) and explored the dehydration mechanism and the decomposition mechanism of copper sulfate (CuSO 4) at high temperature.Studies showed that the dehydration process of CuSO 4·5H 2O is divided into three steps at a heating rate of 1 °C/min: in the first step, two crystal waters were lost at 75℃, two other crystal waters were lost at 100℃ in the second step, and the last crystal water were lost at 215℃ in the third step. The decomposition of CuSO 4 is divided into two steps: in the first step, CuSO 4 decomposes at 700℃ to form copper oxide (CuO) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3), the theoretical weight loss rate is 32.0%, and the actual weight loss rate is 31.0%;in the second step, CuO is further decomposed at 810℃ to form cuprous oxide (Cu 2O) and oxygen (O 2), the theoretical weight loss rate is 3.2%, and the actual weight loss rate is 3.2%. The theoretical calculations are basically consistent with the actual measured values. The decomposition products of CuSO 4·5H 2O were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the characterization results were consistent with the thermal analysis results, which further verified the reliability of the thermal analysis method.

关 键 词：热分析 五水硫酸铜 结晶水 分解 

分 类 号：O641.4[理学—物理化学]