棉花水浸提液对西瓜、大豆的化感作用研究  

Effect of Water Extract of Cotton Roots on Allelopathy in Citrullus lanatus and Glycine max

作　　者：庄宇 赵德刚 赵懿琛[1,2] ZHUANG Yu;ZHAO Degang;ZHAO Yichen(The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education),Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agro-Bioengineering,Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;College of Tea Sciences/The 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology andAgro-Bioengineering in Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National DUS CenterGuiyang Braneh, Guiyang 550006, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院,贵州省农业生物工程重点实验室,山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学茶学院/贵州省山地生态与农业生物工程2011协同创新中心,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省农业科学院农业农村部/国家DUS中心贵阳分中心,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2019年第9期24-29,35,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“棉花品质、抗逆等重要性状的功能基因组与调控网络”(2016 YFD 0101006-05);贵州省高层次创新新人才培养项目(黔科合人才(2016)4003号);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技计划项目“烟草抗癌成分NaD 1蛋白编码基因克隆与表达调控研究”(201608)共同资助

摘　　要：为探究“瓜、棉、豆”套作体系在农业生产中可行性利用的生理基础,通过盆栽试验,研究陆地棉根部水浸提液对白菜、西瓜和大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应。结果表明:100g·L^-1的棉花根部浸提液原液,显著抑制了3种作物的种子萌发。稀释4倍的根部水浸提液对白菜种子萌发的抑制作用显著,萌发率相比水处理下降了10.54%,但该浓度下大豆、京欣西瓜和新小玉西瓜的种子萌发率分别为86.6%、86.7%和87.53%,对比水处理无显著变化。原液浓度的棉花根部浸提液极显著抑制了白菜幼苗的生长,并使白菜植株体内的SOD、POD和CAT等保护酶活性显著下降,大豆和西瓜的POD等保护酶活性并无显著影响。不同浓度的棉花根系浸提液对白菜和大豆表现出低浓度促进而高浓度抑制现象,不同浓度的棉花根系浸提液对西瓜表现出低浓度促进而高浓度不抑制现象。In order to explore the physiological basis of the feasible utilization of “melon-cotton-bean” intercropping system in agricultural production, the allelopathic effects of water extracts from the roots of Gossypium hirsutumon seed germination and seedling growth of Chinese cabbage, watermelon and soybean were studied through pot experiment. The results showed that the extraction solution of cotton root with concentration of 100 g ·L ^-1 significantly inhibited seed germination of the three crops. Also, the aqueous extractsdiluted by 4 times could significantly inhibited seed germination with 10.54% decreasing amplitude of germination rate compared with the control. However, the treatment with the same concentration of cotton root extracts could decrease seed germination rate of soybean, watermelon varieties “Jingxin” and “Xinxiaoyu” with 86.6%、86.7% and 87.53% germination rate respectively . Meanwhile, The cotton root extracts with the concentration of 100 g ·L ^-1 not only significantly inhibited the growth of Chinese cabbage seedlings, but significantly reduced the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in Chinese cabbage plants, while there was no effect on POD activity in soybean and watermelon plants. In brief, different concentrations of cotton root extracts showed the growth-promoting at low concentration and growth-inhibiting to Chinese cabbage and soybean, while the extracts with different concentrations also promoted growth of watermelon at low concentration but did not inhibit the growth at high concentration.

关 键 词：棉花 根部水浸提液 西瓜 大豆 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学] S565.1[农业科学—园艺学]