基于区块链的档案数据保护与共享方法  

Archival Data Protection and Sharing Method Based on Blockchain

作　　者：谭海波[1] 周桐[1,2] 赵赫 赵哲[1,2] 王卫东 张中贤[1] 盛念祖[1,2] 李晓风[1] TAN Hai-Bo;ZHOU Tong;ZHAO He;ZHAO Zhe;WANG Wei-Dong;ZHANG Zhong-Xian;SHENG Nian-Zu;LI Xiao-Feng(Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《软件学报》2019年第9期2620-2635,共16页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61602435);安徽省自然科学基金(1708085QF153);安徽省科技重大专项(16030901057)~~

摘　　要：针对现有档案数据管理中普遍存在的数据中心化存储、安全性差和防篡改性弱等问题,提出一种基于区块链的档案数据保护与共享方法:通过智能合约和数字签名技术,实现了数字档案馆的身份认证和档案所有权的确定;通过智能合约和星际文件系统(IPFS)等技术,实现了数字档案的保护、验证、恢复与共享;通过公有链与联盟链结合的方式,在降低经济成本的同时保障了数据的安全性,提高了可扩展性.该方法具有去中心化、安全可信和不可篡改等特点,有望促进档案馆数据存储方式的转型,以满足日益增长的档案数据保护与共享的需求.In view of the problems existing in the management of archival data, such as centralized data storage, poor security, and low tamper resistant modification, this study proposes an archival data protection and sharing method based on blockchain technology. The identification of digital archives and the determination of archives ownership have been achieved through smart contracts and digital signature technologies;digital archives files have been protected, verified, restored, and shared through technologies such as smart contracts and the interplanetary file system (IPFS);the economic cost have been reduced meanwhile data security could be guaranteed and data extendibility improved through the combination of permissioned and permissionless blockchains. Featuring the characteristics of decentralization, security, credibility, and tamper-resistant, this method is expected to promote the data storage way transformation in archives so as to meet the increasing demand for the protection and sharing of archival data.

关 键 词：数字档案 区块链 智能合约 数字签名 IPFS 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]