指数施肥对白桦裸根苗养分动态的影响  

Effect of Exponential Fertilization on Nutrient Dynamic of Betula platyphylla Bare-rooted Seedlings

作　　者：张程 郝龙飞 刘婷岩 王庆成[3] Zhang Cheng;Hao Longfei;Liu Tingyan;Wang Qingcheng(Liaoning Forestry Survey, Planning and Monitoring Institute, Shenyan 110122, P. R. China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University;Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业调查规划监测院,沈阳110122 [2]内蒙古农业大学林学院 [3]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第10期24-29,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0601103);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY18053);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目(NDYB2016-18);第64批面上资助西部地区博士后人才资助计划项目(43XB3778XB)

摘　　要：采用常规施肥(CF)、指数施肥(EF)和1.5倍指数施肥(EF1.5)3种施肥处理测定不同氮素施肥处理下白桦1年生裸根苗养分(N、P、K)动态,并分析肥料吸收率和苗木根系形态的变化。结果表明:①生长前期3种处理间苗木N、P、K质量均无显著差异,生长后期CF处理苗木N、P、K质量增加速率明显减缓,且N、P、K质量均显著低于EF和EF1.5处理(P<0.05),EF与EF1.5处理间苗木N、P、K质量无显著差异(P>0.05);生长结束时苗木N质量从大到小顺序为EF、EF1.5、CF,EF与EF1.5处理苗木P、K质量均高于CF处理,其中P质量达到显著水平(P<0.05)。②3种处理苗木N、P质量与N、K质量间均显著线性相关(P<0.01),随N质量增加,P质量与K质量增加速率从大到小顺序均为EF、EF1.5、CF。③EF处理苗木N吸收率比CF处理高25.6%(P>0.05),比EF1.5处理高64.1%(P<0.05);EF与EF1.5处理苗木P吸收率和K吸收率均显著高于CF处理(P<0.05)。④EF与EF1.5处理苗木根系生物量和侧根数量均显著高于CF处理(P<0.05);3种处理苗木1级根的比根长从大到小顺序为EF、EF1.5、CF,EF与EF1.5处理分别比CF处理高32.8%(P<0.05)和10.7%(P>0.05)。综合以上结果可以得出EF处理更好地满足了苗木在各生长阶段对养分的需求,改善了苗木根系形态,有效促进了肥料吸收,为最佳的施肥处理。Nutrient (N, P, K) dynamic, fertilizer absorption rate and root morphology of Betula platyphylla bare-rooted seedlings were studied under constant fertilization (CF), exponential fertilization (EF) and 1.5 exponential fertilization (EF1.5) regimes in one growing season. The results showed that:①Dynamic of seedling N, P, K mass showed no difference in the early growing stage among the three treatments. But the increasing rate of N, P, K mass in seedlings under CF treatment obviously slowed down during the late growing stage. N, P, K mass of seedlings under CF treatment were significantly lower than that under EF and EF1.5 treatments during the late growing stage ( P <0.05), however, EF and EF1.5 treatments were not significantly different ( P >0.05). At the end of the growing season, the N mass of seedlings under different fertilization regimes was in an order of EF, EF1.5, CF. P and K mass in seedlings under CF treatment was lower than that under EF and EF1.5 treatments, especially for P mass ( P <0.05).②Linear correlation were showed between N and P mass, N and K mass in all the three treatments ( P <0.01). With the increase of N mass, the increasing rate of P and K mass were in an descending order of EF, EF1.5, CF.③N absorption rate of seedlings under EF treatment was 25.6% and 64.1% higher than that under CF and EF1.5 treatments ( P <0.05), respectively. P and K absorption rate of seedlings under EF and EF1.5 treatments were higher than that under CF treatment.④Root biomass and number of lateral roots of seedlings under EF and EF1.5 treatments were significantly higher than that under CF treatment ( P <0.05). Specific root length of first-order roots was in an order of EF, EF1.5, CF. Specific root length of first-order roots under EF and EF1.5 treatments were 32.8%( P <0.05) and 10.7%( P >0.05) higher than that under CF treatment, respectively. Compared with CF and EF1.5 treatments, EF treatment better satisfied the demand of seedlings nutrient in each growing stage, and improved root morphology, and e

关 键 词：白桦 裸根苗 指数施肥 养分动态 肥料吸收率 根系形态 

分 类 号：S723.133[农业科学—林木遗传育种]