木质素磺酸钙活性接枝改性制备高性能无胶纳米纤丝化复合材料  

High Mechanical Performance of Nano-lignocellulose Binderless Composite by Grafted Calcium Lignosulfonate

作　　者：杨玉山 沈华杰[1] 王宪[1] 王云龙 邱坚[1] Yang Yushan;Shen Huajie;Wang Xian;Wang Yunlong;Qiu Jian(Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第10期96-100,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30471357)

摘　　要：为解决复合材料的制备加工设备特殊、工艺流程繁琐及材料强度低等问题,以木质纤维为原料,通过机械胶膜法将木纤维和木质素磺酸钙有效地复合在一起,再通过热压得到高性能纳米纤丝化复合材料。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析复合材料的形貌结构、化学组分的主要基团和元素,对无胶纤维板和纳米纤丝化复合材料的力学指标进行比较,以探索纳米纤丝化复合材料的机械性能。结果表明:木纤维机械胶磨会使木纤维分层分支,无胶热压纳米纤丝化复合材料呈层状结构;木质素磺酸钙与木纤维胶磨后能够有效地粘合在一起,增加表面活性;与无胶纤维板相比,纳米纤丝化复合材料的静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度均提高,比纯木纤维板分别提高213%、178%、263%,比胶磨纤维材料分别提高15%、14%、22%;而吸水厚度膨胀率分别降低了51%、22%。To resolve the special processing equipment, the cumbersome process flow and low strength of the composite material, with wood fibers, wood fibers and calcium lignosulfonate were effectively compounded by mechanical film method. Nano-lignocellulose binderless composite was obtained by hot-spot. The morphology, structure, chemical components and element variation of the nano-lignocellulose composite was analyzed by SEM, FT-IR and XPS. The mechanical properties of the untreated lignocellulese binderless fiberboard and the nano-lignocellulose composites were compared in exploring the mechanical properties of nano-lignocellulose composites. The wood fibers were laminated through the grinding and the composite material appeared layered-structure by hot-pressing method under binderless. Calcium lignosulfonate and nano-lignocellulose were effectively attached. Compared with the untreated lignocellulese binderless fiberboard, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding strength of nano-lignocellulose composites were improved. The modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding strength were increased by 213%, 178%, and 263% compared with the untreated lignocellulese binderless fiberboard, and increased by 15%, 14% and 22% compared with the nano-lignocellulose fiberboard, respectively. The swelling rate of water absorption thickness of the nano-lignocellulose composites decreased by 51% and 22% compared with the originally binderless fiberboard and the nano-lignocellulose fiberboard, respectively.

关 键 词：木纤维 接枝改性 木质素磺酸钙 纳米纤丝化复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学]