海洋文化视角下的明代福建海防所城聚落形态研究  

A Study on the Settlement Pattern of Fujian Coastal Defense Suocheng in Ming Dynasty in the Perspective of Oceanic Culture

作　　者：林志森 吴正鹏 吴智鑫 谭立峰[2] LIN Zhisen;WU Zhengpeng;WU Zhixin;TAN Lifeng

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院,福州350108 [2]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《新建筑》2019年第5期118-122,共5页New Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51678391,51778400);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51808123)

摘　　要：所城是明代海防军事聚落的重要组成部分。文章从海洋文化的视角,探讨了明代福建海防所城聚落形态及其演变机制。研究表明,明代福建所城形态受其地形地势的制约,平面形态由防御战术需要所确定,总体趋向团状。海防所城的兴衰受制于国际海洋局势和国家海防制度的变迁,而近海防御及商舶贸易等海洋文化因素共同推动了所城聚落形态的发展与演变,最终向生活性聚落转化。该研究有助于挖掘明代海防历史景观的海洋文化基因,赓续被历史遮蔽的海洋文化传统,为构建新时代中国特色海洋文化理论体系提供历史借鉴。The Suocheng is an important part of the coastal defense system of the Ming Dynasty. From the perspective of oceanic culture, this study explores the form and evolution mechanism of Fujian coastal defense military settlements in the Ming Dynasty. The results show that the overall spatial layout of the Fujian Suocheng in the Ming Dynasty is aggregated. The overall layout of the Suocheng is determined by the strategic layout of the defense strategy. The topography and defensive tactics determine the specific location. The rise and fall of the coastal defense forts is subject to the changes of the international marine situation and the national coastal defense system, while the marine cultural factors such as offshore defense and the privatelyowned shipping trade jointly promote the development and evolution of the Suocheng settlement form. This research is helpful to explore the oceanic cultural genes of the historical landscape of the coastal defense in the Ming Dynasty, and to continue the oceanic cultural tradition which has been obscured, providing a historical reference for constructing the theoretical system of oceanic culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era.

关 键 词：海洋文化 海防所城 聚落形态 演变机制 生活性聚落 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]