苜蓿干草与苜蓿青贮碳水化合物分子结构特征及其与奶牛瘤胃内细菌含量相关性研究  

Study on the Carbohydrate Molecular Structure Features of Alfalfa Hay and Alfalfa Silage and Its Correlation with Ruminal Bacterial Quantities in Dairy Cows

作　　者：吴浪 卢冬亚 张艳 田雨佳 王永颖 张学炜 WU Lang;LU Dongya;ZHANG Yan;TIAN Yujia;WANG Yongying;ZHANG Xuewei(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin,300384,China;The Government of Qingshuihe Town,Xingyi,Guizhou,562400,China;Tianjin Dairy Industry Development Service Center,Tianjin,300210,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院动物科学与动物医学学院,天津300384 [2]贵州省兴义市清水河政府,贵州兴义562400 [3]天津市奶业发展服务中心,天津300210

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2019年第9期39-44,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(17ZXBFNC00100);天津市级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710061072);天津市奶牛现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(ITTCRS2017009)

摘　　要：试验旨在比较苜蓿不同加工形式产物(苜蓿干草vs.苜蓿青贮)二级分子结构差异及其与奶牛瘤胃内细菌数量的相关性。用傅立叶转换红外光谱法图谱技术测定苜蓿干草与苜蓿青贮的碳水化合物二级分子结构差异,进而通过荧光定量PCR法测定提取DNA后的微生物菌群分布,比较苜蓿干草或青贮分别作为奶牛瘤胃发酵底物发酵24h时,通过实时荧光定量PCR法测定特定细菌的基因表达量;分析碳水化合物分子结构参数和特定细菌数的相关性。结果表明,苜蓿干草的纤维性碳水化合物峰高、纤维性碳水化合物峰面积、总碳水化合物第二亚峰峰高、总碳水化合物第三亚峰峰高、总碳水化合物第三亚峰峰面积、总碳水化合物峰面积均显著高于苜蓿青贮的对应指标(P<0.05),但与体外发酵试验中的其他瘤胃细菌含量无显著的相关关系。在体外发酵培养后,苜蓿干草组溶纤维丁酸弧菌数显著高于苜蓿青贮组(P<0.05)。总碳水化合物第二亚峰峰面积与溶纤维丁酸弧菌呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而苜蓿干草与苜蓿青贮的总碳水化合物第二亚峰峰面积无显著差异,说明总碳水化合物第二亚峰峰面积这一分子结构特征参数不是影响溶纤维丁酸弧菌含量的主要因素。This paper was aimed to study the carbohydrate molecular structure features of alfalfa processing products (alfalfa hay or alfalfa silage) and its correlation with ruminal bacterial quantities in dairy cows.There were two parts in the experiment.Firstly,the carbohydrate secondary molecular structure features of alfalfa hay and silage were determined by ATR-FT/IR technique.Then the gene expressions of some specific bacteria were compared using RT-PCR method when different alfalfa products (alfalfa hay or alfalfa silage) had been fermented for 24 hours in rumen of dairy cows.Finally compare the correlation between carbohydrate molecular structure features and ruminal bacterial content.The results showed that the peak height and area of cellulose carbohydrate,the second peak height of total carbohydrate,the third peak height and area of total carbohydrate and the peak height of total carbohydrate in alfalfa hay were higher than those in alfalfa silage ( P <0.05),but there were no significant correlation with the ruminal bacteria content in the vitro fermentation experiment.After the vitro fermentation experiment,there was more Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens in alfalfa hay treatment than that in alfalfa silage treatment ( P <0.05).The second peak area of total carbohydrate and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens gene expressions appeared in an obvious negative correlation ( P <0.05 ),while there was no significant difference between the second peak area of total carbohydrate in alfalfa neither with hay nor with silage,which illustrated that the second peak area of total carbohydrate as a parameter of molecular structure characteristic wasn't the major factor for the content of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens.

关 键 词：苜蓿干草 苜蓿青贮 分子结构特征参数 瘤胃细菌 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]