专业农户崛起与典型农区乡村振兴的政策选择  

The Rise of Professional Farmers and Policy Choice of Rural Revitalization in Typical Rural Areas

作　　者：陈明[1] CHEN Ming(Institute of Political Science,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院政治学研究所

出　　处：《经济体制改革》2019年第5期74-80,共7页Reform of Economic System

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“专业农户崛起与典型农区乡村治理现代化研究”(19CZZ030)

摘　　要：在典型农区,经历了“人口外流-地权离散-乡村失序”及“资本下乡-地权争夺-乡村重构”两个阶段之后,目前已经进入到专业农户崛起与乡村振兴的新阶段。专业农户饱经市场化的洗礼,崇尚公共性的社会,率先成长为乡村在地富裕阶层,他们是典型农区乡村振兴的中坚力量。全面实现典型农区乡村振兴,一方面要深化农村土地制度和经营体制改革,突出增强土地经营权的产权强度,探索组建跨社区的新型集体经济组织,有效提升专业农户生产竞争力;另一方面,要根据城乡格局演化趋势布局乡村治理体系,达到市(镇)标准的村庄组织可以转置为城镇政府,分散居住在开放式乡村的专业农户归属附近城镇管辖。In typical agricultural areas,after two stages of“population outflow-land rights dispersion-rural disorder”and “capital going to rural areas-land rights competition-rural reconstruction”,it has entered a new stage of the rise of professional farmers and rural revitalization. Professional farmers have experienced marketization and advocates the public society,and takes the lead to grow into the rural wealthy class;they will be the backbone of the rural revitalization of typical agricultural areas. To achieve rural revitalization in typical rural areas,on the one hand,we need to deepen reform of the rural land system and management system,strengthen the property rights of land management rights,explore the formation of new cross-community collective economic organizations,and effectively enhance the production competitiveness of specialized peasant households. On the other hand,rural governance system should be laid out according to the evolution trend of urban and rural pattern. Village organizations that meet the city (town) standard can be transferred to urban government,and professional farmers living in open villages can be placed under the jurisdiction of nearby cities and towns.

关 键 词：典型农区 乡村振兴 专业农户 土地规模经营 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]