湖南省柑橘园土壤营养状况及其对叶片养分的影响  

Soil Nutrient Status of Citrus Orchard and Its Effects on Nutrients in Citrus Leaf in Hunan Province

作　　者：曹胜[1] 欧阳梦云[2] 周卫军[1] 崔浩杰 段群滔 宋彪[1] CAO Sheng;OUYANG Mengyun;ZHOU Weijun;CUI Haojie;DUAN Quntao;SONG Biao(College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学食品科技学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《土壤》2019年第4期665-671,共7页Soils

基　　金：现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项基金项目(CARS-27)资助

摘　　要：为了解湖南省柑橘园土壤及叶片养分丰缺状况,对湖南省82个柑橘主产区土壤和植株叶片的矿质元素含量进行分析测试,运用曲线回归方法分析了土壤酸碱性与土壤肥力间相关性,采用典型性相关分析方法研究了土壤与叶片养分的定量统计关系。结果表明:全省86.75%的柑橘园土壤pH为酸性至强酸性,78.31%的土壤有机质含量处于适宜水平,有效氮、磷、钾缺乏土壤比例分别为15.66%、69.88%和27.71%,柑橘叶片全氮、磷、钾缺乏比例分别为12.35%、16.05%和18.52%。曲线回归分析结果显示,土壤养分含量与pH存在密切的关系,土壤有机质(Y1)、碱解氮(Y2)、有效磷(Y3)、速效钾(Y4)与pH(X)的拟合关系分别为:Y1=2.15X^2–24.17X+85.53(R^2=0.53)、Y2=0.255X^2–3.17X+91.29(R^2=0.36)、Y3=5.51X^2–66.37X+208.22(R^2=0.43)、Y4=5.59X^2–37.24X+213.43(R^2=0.40)。典型性相关分析结果显示,土壤养分含量水平的高低对叶片中其他养分含量也存在明显的影响,柑橘园土壤养分指标(X1:pH;X2:有机质;X3:碱解氮;X4:有效磷;X5:速效钾)与叶片养分指标(Y1:氮;Y2:磷;Y3:钾)的拟合模型分别为:U1=–0.390X1+0.909X2+0.398X3+0.269X4–0.297X5,V1=0.792Y1+0.637Y2–0.132Y3。在园区培肥管理时,应注意调节土壤酸碱度,因土酌情采取增施氮肥、磷肥和钾肥等综合平衡施肥措施。In order to provide references for reasonable fertilization and leaf nutrient diagnosis in orchards,soil and citrus leaf samples were collected and measured from 82 citrus orchards in Hunan Province,the method of curve regression was used to analyze the correlation between soil pH and nutrients,the method of typical correlation analysis was used to explore the quantitative statistical relation between the nutrients in soil and citrus leaves,and then nutrient deficiencies in soils and citrus leaves were evaluated.The results showed that 86.75%of soil samples were acid or strongly acid,78.31%of soil samples were appropriate in organic matter content,15.66%,69.88%and 15.66%of soil samples were in insufficient in available nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K),respectively.12.35%,16.05%and 18.52%of citrus leaf samples were insufficient in total N,P and K.There were significant correlations between soil pH and nutrient contents,the regression models between soil organic matter(Y1),available N(Y2),P(Y3)and K(Y4)with pH(X)were:Y1=2.15 X^2–24.17 X+85.53(R^2=0.53),Y2=0.255 X^2–3.17 X+91.29(R^2=0.36),Y3=5.51 X^2–66.37 X+208.22(R^2=0.43),Y4=5.59 X^2–37.24 X+213.43(R^2=0.40),respectively.Typical correlation analysis results showed soil nutrients had significant effects on nutrients in citrus leaves,with the fitting model as:U1=–0.390 X1+0.909 X2+0.398 X3+0.269 X4–0.297 X5(U1,soil nutrient index;X1,pH;X2,SOM;X3,X4 and X5,available N,P,K,respectively),V1=0.792 Y1+0.637 Y2–0.132 Y3(V1,leaf nutrient index;Y1,Y2 and Y3,total N,P and K,respectively).The above result indicated that attentions should be paid to pH control,using more N,P and K fertilizers,and comprehensive balanced fertilization,etc.

关 键 词：湖南省 柑橘园 土壤养分 叶片养分 回归分析 典型性相关分析 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]