东北玉米种植结构调整与粮食高质量增长——基于全要素生产率视角  

Adjustment of corn planting structure and the high-quality growth of grain in Northeast China from the perspective of the total factor productivity

作　　者：李明文[1] 王振华[1] 张广胜[2] LI Ming-wen;WANG Zhen-hua;ZHANG Guang-sheng(College of Economics and Management,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866,China;Business School,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学经济管理学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]辽宁大学商学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2019年第5期745-754,共10页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71503173;71840010);辽宁省社科规划基金重点项目(L18AJY007)~~

摘　　要：在推进粮食产业高质量发展关键时期,促进种植结构调整,提高粮食全要素生产率势在必行。本文基于2001—2016年东北三省地级市面板数据,使用DEA-Malmquist指数法测算得到粮食全要素生产率指数,通过空间SAC模型探索玉米种植结构对粮食全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:东北三省粮食全要素生产率增长率年均上升1.1%,技术效率提高0.5%,技术进步提升0.6%,但其粮食全要素生产率增长率呈现出缓慢下降的趋势,且属于技术进步“单轨驱动”模式;玉米播种面积和种植比例的提高会导致“效率损失”,从而降低了粮食的全要素生产率;玉米种植结构对粮食全要素生产率的影响路径通过技术效率和技术进步共同作用实现,而对于技术效率的影响仅通过规模效率发挥作用。推进玉米种植结构调整,可提高粮食全要素生产率,为粮食产业高质量发展保驾护航。During the key promotional period for the high-quality development of the grain industry, it is an imperative trend to adjust the planting structure and to improve the total factor productivity (TFP) of grains. Based on a panel data collected from the prefecture-level cities in the three Northeast provinces of China between 2001 and 2016, this paper calculated the TFP of grains by the DEA-Malmquist index method and explored the influences of corn planting structure on its TFP by the spatial SAC model. Results show that the average increase rate of TFP in the three Northeast provinces of China was 1.1 percent each year, the technical efficiency and the technological progress increased by 0.5 percent and 0.6 percent, respectively. However, the increase of grain TFP showed a steady declining trend, while the technological progress growth fell under a “homogenous path”. The expansion in planting area and the rising planting proportion of corn will lead to an “efficiency loss”, which is predicted to further lower the grain TFP. The influential path of corn planting structure on the grain TFP is realized jointly by technical efficiency and technological progress. The influence on technical efficiency is achieved only through the scale efficiency. In summary, this paper draws the following conclusions that the adjustment of corn planting structure could improve the grain TFP and it could also provide a solid foundation for the high-quality development of the grain industry.

关 键 词：玉米 粮食 种植结构 全要素生产率 技术效率 技术进步 DEA-MALMQUIST指数 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]