老年心血管疾病患者跌倒高危因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors for falls in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：赵秋红 高燕飞[1] ZHAO Qiuhong;GAO Yanfei(Department of Cadre Health Care,Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省立同德医院干部保健科

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2019年第24期86-89,共4页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2015KYB077)

摘　　要：目的讨论老年心血管疾病患者跌倒高危因素分析。方法2017年1月~2018年6月采用便利抽样的方法在我院治疗的老年心血管疾病患者400例为研究对象。单因素及多因素分析老年心血管疾病患者跌倒危险因素。结果400例患者112例在近12个月内发生跌倒,发生率28.0%。单因素分析显示:年龄越大、低体重、视力障碍、缺乏规律运动、起立-行走运动异常、日常生活能力差、抑郁、颈动脉窦过敏、心功能分级差、高血压、心动过缓、房颤、病程≥3年、体位性低血压、服药≥3种的患者跌倒的发生率更高(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示:年龄、抑郁、颈动脉窦过敏、起立-行走实验异常、房颤、体位性低血压、服药量是老年心血管疾病患者跌倒的独立危险因素,而日常生活活动能力是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论老年心血管疾病患者发生跌倒的发生率较高,而性别、抑郁、颈动脉窦过敏、起立-行走实验异常、房颤、体位性低血压、服药量是老年心血管疾病患者跌倒的独立危险因素,而日常生活活动能力是保护因素。Objective To analyze the risk factors for falls in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.Methods From January 2017 to June 2018,400 elderly patients with cardiovascular disease in our hospital were randomly selected.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the risk factors of fall in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.Results One hundred and twelve patients(28.0%)of the 400 patients fell in the recent 12 months.Univariate analysis showed that older age,lower body weight,visual impairment,lack of regular exercise,abnormal standing-walking movement,poor daily living ability,depression,carotid sinus allergy,poor cardiac function classification,hypertension,bradycardia,atrial fibrillation,disease duration≥3 years,orthostatic hypotension,≥3 kinds of drugs might led to a higher incidence of falls(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age,depression,carotid sinus allergy,abnormal standingwalking test,atrial fibrillation,orthostatic hypotension,and medication dose were independent risk factors for falls in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease,while ability of daily activities was a protective factor(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with cardiovascular disease have a higher incidence of falls,and gender,depression,carotid sinus allergy,abnormal standing-walking test,atrial fibrillation,orthostatic hypotension,and medication are independent risk factors for falls in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease,while the ability of daily living activities is a protective factor.

关 键 词：老年 心血管疾病 跌倒 危险因素 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]