除草剂对高尔夫草坪药害症状及可能成因分析  

Analysis of the symptoms and possible causes of herbicide phytotoxicity on golf courses

作　　者：金海波 薛光[2,3] 沈正高 郦春燕 JIN Haibo;XUE Guang;SHEN Zhenggao;LI Chunyan(Sheshan International Golf Club, Shanghai 201602, China;Plant Protection Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China;East China Weed Technology Institute of Nanjing, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China;Jiangsu iGreen Golf Course Maintenance Itc., Suzhou 215028, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]佘山国际高尔夫球场,上海201602 [2]江苏省农科院植保所,江苏南京210014 [3]南京东华杂草技术研究所,江苏南京210007 [4]江苏高足草坪养护有限公司,江苏苏州215028

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第9期2270-2279,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：南京市2008年科技发展指导性计划——主动控制草坪杂草配套技术研究(2008ZD412)

摘　　要：中文本文通过分析除草剂对高尔夫草坪药害症状及可能成因,旨在为探讨预防除草剂对高尔夫草坪药害提供理论依据。基于对中国高尔夫球场草坪除草剂药害考查,参照作物除草剂药害标准,按高尔夫草坪养护要求,提出高尔夫草坪除草剂药害分级标准。结合文献分析,阐明了由不同作用机制的除草剂致高尔夫草坪急性和慢性药害症状,同时分析了非除草剂引起的类似药害症状。分析了药剂本身的内在因素、环境气候的外界因素及错选误用的人为因素导致的除草剂产生逆向选择或靶标错位。内在因素含时差、位差、形态和生理生化的逆向选择;外界因素含环境影响、除草剂残留、气候胁迫和病虫鼠的逆向效应;人为因素含杂质干扰、错选药种、投放失误和管理失当的负面作用。得出多因交互作用是除草剂致高尔夫草坪药害的综合原因。因此,呼吁重视高尔夫草坪药害的预防研究,将除草剂药害的危害降至最低。This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of herbicide injuries to golf course turfs by analyzing the symptoms and possible causes of herbicide phytotoxicity. We proposed a ranking standard for golf course herbicides using the results of our investigation into the phytotoxicity of turf herbicides in China's golf courses, as well as reference to the ranking standards of field crop herbicide phytotoxicity, and the requirements for golf course maintenance. Combined with literature analysis, the differences in the mode of action of herbicides were used to clarify the symptoms of acute and chronic phytotoxicity caused by herbicides with different modes of action. Similar phytotoxicity symptoms caused by non-herbicides were analyzed as well. The intrinsic factors of the herbicide itself, the external factors of the environmental climate, and human factors of miss-selection and misuse of herbicides often lead to adverse selection or target dislocation of herbicides. Intrinsic factors include time and location differences, morphology, as well as physiological and biochemical adverse selection;the external factors include environmental effects, herbicide residues, climatic stresses, and reverse effects of turf pests;human factors include herbicide impurity interference, miss-selected herbicide, misapplication, and mismanagement. Multi-interaction was a common cause of herbicide-induced golf course turf injury. We recommend further research on the prevention of turf injury on golf courses, in order to minimize herbicide phytotoxicity.

关 键 词：中文:除草剂 高尔夫草坪 药害症状 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]