苜蓿黄萎病的发生、危害及检测  

Verticillium wilt of alfalfa: Occurrence, perniciousness, and detection

作　　者：索南措 黄远志 李彦忠[1,2] 俞斌华[1,2] Suonancuo;HUANG Yuanzhi;LI Yanzhong;YU Binhua(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/ Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation/ Ministry ofAgriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education/ College ofPastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China;Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS, Hohehot 010010, Inner Mongolia, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业教育部工程研究中心,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第9期2384-2394,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(18JR3RA294);中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2017-k02);国家自然科学基金(31272496);南志标院士工作站(2018IC074)

摘　　要：中文苜蓿(Medicago sativa)黄萎病是由苜蓿轮枝菌(Verticillium alfalfae)引起的毁灭性真菌病害,对欧洲、北美洲的苜蓿产业造成了巨大的经济损失,是我国进出口检疫性植物病害。我国先后于1998和2014年在新疆多地和甘肃张掖地区有苜蓿黄萎病发生的报道。本文综述了苜蓿黄萎病的病原菌—苜蓿轮枝菌的分类地位和形态学特征,病害的侵染循环和流行规律,病害造成的损失与检测防治技术,病害在国外和国内的传播、发生情况及为我国苜蓿产业带来的风险,最后对苜蓿黄萎病的研究方向进行了展望。Verticillium wilt of alfalfa (VWA) is a devastating fungal disease caused by Verticillium alfalfa resulting in considerable economic loss for the alfalfa industry in Europe and North America, and is a national quarantine disease in China. In China, VWA was discovered in Xinjiang and Gansu Province in 1998 and 2014, respectively. This article summarises the systematics and morphology of V. alfalfae and describes the disease cycle, epidemic pattern, loss, diagnosis, control technology, spreading and occurrence, and the risk of VWA. Finally, it prospects further research in the future.

关 键 词：中文:苜蓿轮枝菌 侵染循环 传播 损失 检测技术 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]