阿克苏两种红富士苹果土壤肥力、生长与品质调查研究  

Investigations on Soil Fertility, Growth and Fruit Quality of Two Fuji Apple Varieties of in Aksu

作　　者：王泽 谷海斌[2] 梁燕[3] 颜安[2] 王涛[2] 张庆伟 WANG Ze;GU Haibin;LIANG Yan;YAN An;WANG Tao;ZHANG Qingwei(Institute of Desert Research in the Arid Areas,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soiland Plant Ecological Processes,College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Forestry Workstation of Management General Station in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830013,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学干旱区荒漠研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆生产建设兵团林业工作管理总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830013

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2019年第10期49-54,共6页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800384;31560340)

摘　　要：以新疆阿克苏红旗坡农场10年生的冰糖心红富士‘长富2号’和无冰糖心红富士‘秋富1号’苹果园为研究对象,采用田间监测与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了不同生长时期冰糖心与无冰糖心红富士苹果果园土壤肥力、果树生长及果实品质等方面的特征。结果表明,由开花期至成熟期,冰糖心红富士苹果园土壤有机质和速效钾含量呈升高趋势、碱解氮含量呈先降后升趋势,而无冰糖心红富士苹果园则相反,两果园土壤有效磷含量均呈先降后升趋势;两果园红富士苹果树的树高、冠幅、胸径、梢长和梢粗均呈增加趋势,冰糖心红富士苹果树的树高、冠幅、胸径和梢长均高于无冰糖心红富士苹果树;成熟期冰糖心红富士苹果的单果质量(213.67g)及果实中的还原糖(9.04%)、可溶性糖(15.81%)和维生素C(55.63mg·kg^-1)含量分别是无冰糖心红富士苹果的1.10,1.11,1.24和1.20倍,差异均达显著水平(P<0.05)。The investigation was conducted with two Fuji apple varieties orchards in Aksu,which included ‘Changfu 2’(sugar-heart) and 'Qiufu 1'(no sugar-heart),the characteristics of soil fertility,tree growth and fruit quality in different periods were studied through a combination of field monitoring and laboratory analysis.The results showed that from flowering to harvest period,in sugar-heart apple orchard,the soil organic matter and available potassium content were increasing,the alkali-hydro nitrogen content was decreased first and then increased but the trends in no sugar-heart orchard were opposite,the soil available phosphorus content was decreased first and then increased in the two orchards;the trends of plant height,crown breadth,stem diameter,shoot length and shoot diameter of two Fuji apple varieties were increased,and the former four indices of sugar-heart apple trees were higher than the no sugar-heart apple trees.In the harvest period,the single fruit weight(213.67 g), reducing sugar content (9.04%),soluble sugar content(15.81%) and vitamin C content (55.63 mg·kg^-1) in the sugar-heart apple were 1.10,1.11,1.24,1.20 times higher than the no sugar-heart apple(P<0.05),respectively.

关 键 词：红富士苹果 土壤肥力 生长 品质 阿克苏 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学] S158[农业科学—园艺学]