制度型开放:引领中国攀升全球价值链新引擎  

Institutional Openness: New Engine Driving China to Ascend Global Value Chain

作　　者：戴翔[1] 张雨 DAI Xiang;ZHANG Yu(Institute of Politics and Economics Studies,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学政治与经济研究院

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2019年第5期45-52,共8页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金重点委托项目和江苏省社科联重大应用研究课题“‘一带一路’交汇点建设与江苏加快推动制度性开放对策”(19WTA015);2019年度教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“服务业全球化条件下制造业服务化与价值链攀升”(19JHQ057);江苏高校人文社会科学重点研究基地“苏南资本市场研究中心”(2017ZSJD020)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在全球价值链分工条件下,决定分工地位的不仅是优势要素的质量和层次,还包括能够促使优势要素得以充分发挥作用的开放战略和举措。中国过去四十年改革开放,以贸易和投资自由化为主的"边境开放"措施和"非均衡"发展的优惠政策等开放战略,适宜于充分发挥廉价劳动力禀赋优势需要,据此以"低端嵌入"的方式全面而快速地融入全球价值链分工体系,成就了制造业大国地位。面临国内外环境的深刻变化,中国必须转向更加注重规则等制度型开放,据此引领产业攀升全球价值链中高端。其引领的作用机制不仅体现在对中高端生产环节和全球先进要素更具吸引力上,还体现在能够提升全球经济治理的制度性话语权,从而为攀升全球价值链打造更优外部环境等方面。更为重要的是,国内生产要素质量和层次的提升以及经济规模优势逐步凸显等,也为中国转向制度型开放奠定了必要的经济要素支撑。为充分发挥制度型开放引领中国攀升全球价值链的新引擎作用,未来必须在打造制度开放高地、加强负面清单管理、营造一流营商环境、提升全球经济治理能力等具体路径上实现新突破。Under the circumstances of division of labor in the global value chain, the decision on the status of division of labor is not only based on the quality and level of the dominant factors, but also on the opening-up strategies and initiatives that can make the dominant elements fully functional. China's reform and opening-up strategy over the past 40 years features "open border" measures and "non-balance" preferential policies mainly based on trade and investment liberalization is suitable for giving full play to the needs of low-cost labor advantages. Accordingly, the "lower-end-embedded" approach has been taken to integrate into the global value chain division system in a comprehensive and rapid manner, and has earned for China the status of a world manufacturing power. Faced with profound changes in the domestic and international environment, China must turn to institutional openness which focuses more on rules, and lead the industry to ascend to middle and higher-end of the global value chain. Its leading mechanism is not only reflected in the greater attraction of higher-end production links and global dominant factors, but also in the institutional discourse power in global economic governance, so as to create a more positive external environment for rising on the global value chain. More importantly, the improvement of the quality and level of domestic production factors, as well as the gradual emergence of economic scale advantages, has also laid the necessary foundation of economic factors for China's shift to institutional openness. In order to give full play to the role of institutional openness in driving China's rise on the global value chain, we must achieve new breakthroughs in the future to create vantage points for institutional openness, strengthen negative inventory management, build first-class business environment, and enhance global economic governance capabilities.

关 键 词：制度型开放 全球价值链 新引擎 

分 类 号：F720[经济管理—产业经济]