西南典型矿业城市土壤及近地表大气尘中重金属污染特征及评价——以攀枝花市为例  

CHARACTERISTICS AND EVALUATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL AND NEAR-SURFACE ATMOSPHERIC DUST OF TYPICAL MINING CITY IN SOUTHWEST CHINA——A CASE STUDY FOR PANZHIHUA CITY

作　　者：刘睿 黄艺 王丽 李祥 赵浩任 Liu Rui;Huang Yi;Wang Li;Li Xiang;Zhao Haoren(College of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Environmental College,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610059 [2]成都理工大学环境学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《矿物岩石》2019年第3期111-119,共9页Mineralogy and Petrology

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目（攀枝花尾矿库区土壤重金属污染防控屏障技术研究，编号：17ZDYF）;攀西工矿高背景区农田安全利用综合技术集成与示范（课题编号：2019YFS0508)

摘　　要：以攀枝花市为研究区域,分别采用富集因子法、潜在生态危害系数法和单因子指数-内梅罗综合污染指数法有针对性地对土壤和近地表大气尘中As,Cd,Cr,Cu,V,Zn和Ni七种重金属污染状况进行了综合性评价。结果表明,攀枝花宝鼎煤矿区和攀钢片区土壤及近地表大气尘中的重金属含量较高,均超过四川省土壤背景值。富集因子指数分析表明,研究区重金属污染受到人为活动的影响较大,污染也较为严重,其中Zn和Cd的富集情况较为显著,Cd,V,Zn,Cu为主要污染因子。潜在生态危害系数结果表明,在各元素中,绝大多数元素处于轻微生态危害,Cd 8个点位处于强生态危害,7个点位处于很强生态危害,处于中等生态危害的占5%,处于强生态危害的占47%,处于很强生态危害的占41%,土壤中Cd元素的潜在生态危险最高,其余元素处于轻微生态危险状态。单因子指数-内梅罗综合污染指数分析结果表明,Cd,Cr和Ni元素在宝鼎煤矿区和攀钢片区都存在重度污染,Cd(7.70),Cr(3.38),Cu(4.49),V(3.62),Zn(3.68)和Ni(5.80)存在重度污染,As(2.07)存在中度污染。Comprehensive evaluation of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,V,Zn and Ni in soil and near-surface atmospheric dust in Panzhihua City of Sichuan Province was carried out by means of Enrichment Factor method,Potential Ecological Risk Index method and Single Factor Index-Nemero comprehensive pollution index method.The results showed that the content of heavy metals in soil and near surface atmospheric dust in Baoding coal mine area and Steel Mills was higher than that in Sichuan Province.Enrichment Factor Index analysis indicated that heavy metal pollution in the study area was serious and greatly affected by human activities.The enrichment of Zn and Cd is significant,and Cd,V,Zn and Cu were the main pollution factors.Potential Ecological Risk Index shows that the vast majority of elements were in a level of slight ecological hazard,and 8spots in a strong ecological hazard,seven spots in a very strong ecological hazard;5%spots in the medium ecological damage,47%spots in a strong ecological damage,41%spots in a very strong ecological damage.The risk level of heavy metal Cd was relatively high in soil and other elements in slight risk level.Single Factor Index-Nemero comprehensive pollution index reveals that the pollution of Cd,Cr and Ni in soil and dust were heavy.Cd(7.70),Cr(3.38),Cu(4.49),V(3.62),Zn(3.68) and Ni(5.80)were in the dangerously level pollution and As(2.07)was in the middle level pollution.

关 键 词：重金属 富集因子 潜在生态危害 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P599[天文地球—地球化学]