个人信息的身份识别标准:源流、实践与反思  

The Origin,Practice and Reflection of Personal Information’s Identity Standard

作　　者：苏宇[1] 高文英[1] Su Yu;Gao Wenying

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学法学院

出　　处：《交大法学》2019年第4期54-71,共18页SJTU Law Review

基　　金：中国法学会2017年度部级法学研究课题“大数据时代背景下的警察执法信息公开范围研究”（项目编号：CLS2017C07）;2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据时代个人数据保护与数据权利体系研究”（项目编号：18ZDA145）的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：我国现行立法对个人信息的认定标准是能够识别特定自然人身份的“身份识别标准”。这种标准涵盖范围甚广,但却存在着以下问题:“可识别性”概念边界模糊、信息的识别区分度未被有效考虑、信息的结合性识别无法预判。在建立个人信息分类保护制度的前提下,针对不同的信息类型,单一的身份识别标准亦应当发展成一个差异化、动态调整的标准体系。应当建立个人信息分类保护制度,对不同类别的个人信息实行不同强度的外延式保护。对于目录内不同类型的个人信息,应当建立有一定差异性的认定程序,最终由主管部门发布个人信息分类目录,并定期进行动态调整;应当结合外延式保护及内涵式保护的进路,对不同类型的个人信息提供有层次的界定方式;应当通过执法和司法实践的不断归纳总结,结合技术专家的意见,形成更具操作性的界定标准,或者进一步形成临时性的参考清单。China's current legislation defines personal information by the “identification standard”, which means someone is able to identify the identity of a particular natural person from such information. This standard has a broad meaning and covers a wide range, but faces the following problems: the concept of “identifiability” is blurred, the degree of identification is not well-considered, and the binding identification of information cannot be forecast. Under the premise of establishing a classified personal information protection system, the single identification standard should be developed into a differentiated and dynamically adjusted standard system for different categories of information. The system should be established to carry out denotative definition and protection of different types of personal information with different intensity. For different types of personal information in the directory, differentiated procedures of defining different personal pieces of information should be established and finally published by the competent departments as a personal information directory with regular dynamic adjustment. It is necessary to provide a hierarchical definition of different types of personal information in the light of denotative and connotative recognition. More operational criteria or even further a temporary reference list should be formed with the help of continuous reflection of relevant law enforcement, judicial practice and the views of technical experts.

关 键 词：个人信息 身份识别标准 可识别性 信息法学 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]