吐蕃统治敦煌时期的土地纠纷问题研究——以S.2228与P.t.1078B古藏文诉讼文书为中心  

Study on the Land Disputes in Dunhuang during the Period of Tubo’s Rule——Focus on the S.2228 and P.t.1078B Litigation Documents in Ancient Tibetan

作　　者：何志文 HE Zhi-wen(National Museum of China,History Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing 10006)

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆中国社会科学院历史所

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期121-128,共8页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2013年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“西域出土中古法律文献比较研究”阶段性成果,项目号:13AZS020

摘　　要：敦煌地区出土的两件古藏文土地纠纷诉状,为理解吐蕃统治下的土地纠纷问题提供了契机。吐蕃统治者占领敦煌后,对土地进行重新调整。在调整过程中,土地几经流转造成归属权不清,从而引发矛盾纠纷。在兴佛政策下,若纠纷涉及寺产,统治者会保护寺院的利益。吐蕃占领初期土地不足,百姓通过开垦荒地来获得土地,但需经申报入册。在开荒地外,百姓还拥有授田契的领受土地。吐蕃统治者为防止出现侵地行为,采取了有效的预防与惩罚措施。There were two litigation documents of land disputes in ancient Tibetan unearthed in Dunhuang,which provide opportunities for us to understand the land disputes in Dunhuang during the Tubo’s(ancient Tibetan)rule.After the Tubo’s rulers occupied Dunhuang,the land there was redistributed.In the process of redistribution,the land has undergone circulation for several times,which caused the ownership of some land unclear and led to land disputes.In the historical background of promoting Buddhism,if a dispute involved temples,the rulers would protect the interests of the temples.At the beginning period of the Tubo’s rule,land was insufficient in Duhuang,the people there obtained land through the reclamation of wasteland after they made application and registration.In addition to the reclamation of wasteland,the people there also received some land with some contracts.The Tubo’s rulers took effective preventive and punitive measures to prevent the appropriation of land.

关 键 词：吐蕃统治敦煌时期 土地纠纷 诉讼文书 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学]