上海市静安区蟑螂侵害及其防治研究  

Research of cockroach infestation and control methods in Jing’an District of Shanghai

作　　者：陈红 邓海平 单宁 黄瑾 CHEN Hong;DENG Hai-ping;SHAN Ning;HUANG Jin(Shanghai Jing’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第5期417-420,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的掌握静安区各类场所蟑螂侵害现状,探索有效的蟑螂控制方式,为蟑螂防治提供依据。方法比较自行投药组和专业队伍投药组的不同场所控制前后(1个月)间蟑螂成若虫侵害率、蟑迹查获率等指标的差异,评估控制效果。结果控制前调查523个场所,成若虫侵害率最高为农贸集市20.41%,其次为居委会12.58%,再次为超市7.86%;蟑迹查获率最高为农贸集市21.09%,其次为居委会13.25%,再次为超市8.49%;查见蟑螂主要为德国小蠊,占97.54%,各类公共场所均以德国小蠊为主,仅居委会大蠊占查见总数的42.10%;控制后调查499个场所,愿意接受控制的占96.55%,其中选择自行投药的占34.49%,专业队伍投药的占65.51%;实施控制后全区成若虫侵害率下降75.78%(χ^2=139.899,P<0.001),蟑迹查获率下降68.52%(χ^2=112.227,P<0.001),自行投药组成若虫侵害率下降73.26%(χ^2=37.628,P<0.001),蟑迹查获率下降71.82%(χ^2=100.130,P<0.001);专业队伍投药组成若虫侵害率下降77.27%(χ^2=46.197,P<0.001),蟑迹查获率下降68.13%(χ^2=66.560,P<0.001)。结论各类公共场所和居民区在蟑螂侵害程度、种类及控制方式的选择上均有所差异,建议结合不同场所的特点有针对性地开展蟑螂防控。Objective To grasp the current situation of cockroach infestation in various places in Jing’an District and explore effective cockroach control methods,so as to provide basis for cockroach control. Methods Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the control effect by comparing the difference of cockroach infestation and cockroach traces between self-administered control group and professional control group before and one month after the implementation of control work. Results Before control,523 sites were surveyed, the highest cockroach infestation rate were 20. 41% in farmer’s markets, followed by residential committees 12. 58% and supermarkets 7. 86%;the highest cockroach traces were 21. 09% in farmer’s markets,followed by residential committees 13. 25% and supermarkets 8. 49%;97. 54% cockroaches found were mainly Blattella germanica in most places,while cockroaches of Periplaneta were the main species accounting for 42. 10% found in residential committees. After the implementation of control, 499 sites were surveyed, 96. 55% of them were willing to accept the cockroach control work, and 34. 49% of those who accepted cockroach control chose self-administered control and 65. 51% chose professional teams. Generally the cockroach infestation rate decreased by 75. 78%(χ^2 = 139. 899,P < 0. 001), and the cockroach traces decreased by 68. 52%(χ^2 = 112. 227,P < 0. 001). The cockroach infestation rate decreased by 73. 26%(χ^2 = 37. 628,P < 0. 001),and the cockroach traces decreased by 71. 82%(χ2 = 100. 130,P < 0. 001) in the places where self-administered control conducted,while the cockroach infestation rate decreased by 77. 27%(χ^2 = 46. 197, P < 0. 001), and cockroach traces decreased by 68. 13%(χ^2 = 66. 560,P < 0. 001) in the place where professional control conducted. Conclusion There were differences in the cockroach infestation, population structure and acceptance of control work between public places and residential areas, cockroach control work should focus on those specificities.

关 键 词：蟑螂 密度 控制方式 公共场所 居民区 

分 类 号：R184.39[医药卫生—流行病学]