日本学术机构技术转移机制及其对我国的启示  

Technology Transfer Mechanism of Japanese Academic Institutions and its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：闫佳宁 李燕[2] Yan Jianing;Li Yan

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201210 [2]日本立命馆亚洲太平洋大学

出　　处：《日本研究》2019年第3期39-47,共9页Japan Studies

摘　　要：我国科研投入逐年递增,然而科技成果转化率仍远远落后于发达国家。日本是首个非西方的凭借科技创新成功实现工业化的国家,科技中介机构的建立是其"科技创造立国战略"的重要一环,助其高技术产业持续保持世界领先地位。本文通过研究日本学术机构技术转移机制,包括其法律政策体系的演变和成效、科技中介机构的发展过程、运营模式等,全面总结了日本科技中介机构的体系。我国正处大力建设专业化、规模化和规范化科技中介机构的进程中,基于日本的实践经验,建议建立专门的国家级科技中介机构,并在财政、人才、信息共享方面加强配套措施。同时,学术机构附属中介机构应逐步采取市场化发展模式,依照科研实力,独立或联合运营。China’s research and development(R&D) funding enjoys a remarkable increase in recent years, however, the ratio of technology transfer is still way behind that of developed countries. Japan was the first country achieved industrial success based on science and technology(S&T) in non-European region. The establishment of specialized S&T intermediaries is a key element of its reform of S&T system after World War II, which successfully revitalized its economy. This paper comprehensively summarizes the system of Japanese science and technology intermediaries by studying the technology transfer mechanism of Japanese academic institutions, including the evolution and effectiveness of its legal policy system, the development process of technology intermediaries, and operational models. China is in the process of building a specialized, large-scale and standardized technology intermediary institution. Based on Japan’s practical experience, it is recommended to establish a special state-level science and technology intermediary institution and strengthen supporting measures in terms of finance, talents and information sharing. At the same time, the affiliated institutions of academic institutions should gradually adopt a market-oriented development model and operate independently or jointly according to scientific research strength.

关 键 词：技术转移 科技中介机构 日本 经验 

分 类 号：F062[经济管理—政治经济学] F0