两种贝龄企鹅珍珠贝形态性状对湿重的通径分析  

Path analysis of morphological traits to wet weight of Pteria penguin at different ages

作　　者：林先鑫 邓正华[1] 陈明强[1] 李有宁[1] 赵旺[1] 于刚[1] 王继金 王雨[1] LIN Xian-xin;DENG Zheng-hua;CHENG Ming-qiang;LI You-ning;ZHAO Wang;YU Gang;WANG Ji-jin;WANG Yu(South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Marine Science,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Beihai Jinbuhuan Aquatic Products Co.,Ltd.,Beihai,Guangxi 536007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [2]海南大学海洋学院,海口570228 [3]北海金不换水产有限公司,广西北海536007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第9期2088-2094,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2016TS29）;广东省渔港建设和渔业发展专项（B201601-Z06）;海南省自然科学基金项目（20163149）;海南省重点科技计划项目（ZDXM2015057）

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同贝龄企鹅珍珠贝形态性状对其湿重的影响,为目标性状的人工选育提供最佳参数指标,进而选育出具有优良遗传性能的群体。【方法】以养殖的6月龄和8月龄企鹅珍珠贝为研究对象,各200只,分别测定不同贝龄企鹅珍珠贝的性状指标,包括壳长(X1,mm)、壳宽(X2,mm)、壳高(X3,mm)、绞合线长(X4,mm)、耳长(X5,mm)、前耳至基部长(X6,mm)、前耳至壳顶长(X7,mm)、壳顶至基部长(X8,mm)、斜高(X9,mm)和湿重(Y,g),并通过相关分析、多元线性回归和通径分析等方法找出影响湿重的主要形态性状。【结果】除6月龄企鹅珍珠贝的壳高与耳长及8月龄企鹅珍珠贝的壳宽与耳长、耳长与前耳至壳顶长、前耳至壳顶长与壳顶至基部长外,其余各性状间的相关性均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。通径分析结果表明,6月龄贝保留形态性状对湿重直接作用的排序为壳宽(0.652)>壳高(0.178)>壳顶至基部长(0.130)>壳长(0.108)>耳长(0.103),间接作用最大的是壳顶至基部长通过壳宽(0.327),其次为耳长通过壳宽(0.264);8月龄贝保留形态性状对湿重直接作用的排序为壳高(0.547)>绞合线长(0.417)>壳宽(0.255)>耳长(-0.305),间接作用最大的是耳长通过绞合线长(0.341),其次是绞合线长通过壳高(0.270)。以企鹅珍珠贝的湿重为因变量、各形态性状为自变量进行多元回归分析,得到各形态性状对湿重的多元线性回归方程,6月龄贝为Y=0.009X1+0.399X2+0.018X3+0.016X5+0.025X8-2.445,8月龄贝为Y=0.307X2+0.259X3+0.123X4-0.136X5-11.364。【结论】开展企鹅珍珠贝人工选育时应根据不同贝龄进行相应形态性状选择,当以湿重为选育目标时,幼贝在6月龄时应以壳宽作为首选性状,同时加强对壳高的协同选择;而在8月龄时应以壳高为首选性状,同时加强对绞合线长的协同选择。【Objective】The effects of morphological traits on the wet weight of different ages of oyster pearl Pteria penguin were determined,and the optimal parameters for artificial breeding with target traits were provided,and then the population with excellent genetic performance was selected.【Method】The cultured 6-month-old and 8-month-old P. penguin were used as research objects,and each age randomly selected 200 individuals used to measure phenotypic traits,including shell length(X1,mm),shell width(X2,mm),shell height(X3,mm),strand length(X4,mm),ear length(X5, mm),length from front ear to base(X6,mm),length from front ear to shell top length(X7,mm),length from the top of the shell to the base(X8,mm),oblique height(X9,mm)and wet weight(Y,g),and through the correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and path analysis methods to find the main morphological traits affecting wet weight.【Result】 Apart from the relation between shell height and ear length of 6-month-old P. penguin between shell width and ear length, between ear length and length from front ear to shell top,between length from front ear to shell top and to the base of 8-month-old P. penguin,the correlation between other traits reached extremely significant level(P<0.01). The results of path analysis showed that the order of direct retention of morphological traits of 6-month-old shells on wet weight was shell width(0.652)>shell height(0.178)>length from the top of the shell to the base(0.130)>shell length(0.108)>ear length(0.103),the most indirect effect was the length from the top of the shell to the base through the shell width (0.327),followed by the ear length through the shell width(0.264). The 8-month-old shell retained the morphological traits directly on the wet weight sorted as shell height(0.547)>strand length(0.417)>shell width(0.255)>ear length (-0.305),the most influential effect was the ear length through the strand length(0.341),followed by the stranded length through shell height(0.270). Multivariate regression analysis was c

关 键 词：企鹅珍珠贝 贝龄 形态性状 湿重 相关分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S968.316[农业科学—水产养殖]